ArticlePreventing chronic disease2020
Cumulative Social Risk and Cardiovascular Disease Among Adults in South Korea: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Nationally Representative Sample.
Article in Preventing chronic disease, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of causal pathways of socioeconomic inequalities in stroke.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2026Pooled it
- Cumulative vulnerabilities and smoking abstinence: A test from a randomized clinical trial.Behaviour research and therapy · 2023Trial
- Association between simultaneous exposure to socioeconomic disadvantages and cardiovascular health of Brazilian adolescents.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2025Article
- The association between social drivers of health, HIV status and physical activity with perceived stress in U.S. women with or without HIV.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association between social risk profile, cardiovascular risk factors control, and future cardiovascular risk.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Associations between cumulative social risk, psychosocial risk, and ideal cardiovascular health: Insights from the HeartSCORE study.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2022Article
- Global Perspectives on Improving Chronic Disease Prevention and Management in Diverse Settings.Preventing chronic disease · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe Framingham risk score (FRS) is widely used to predict cardiovascular disease (CVD), but it neglects to account for social risk factors. Our study examined whether use of a cumulative social risk score in addition to the FRS improves prediction of CVD among South Korean adults.
methodsWe used nationally representative data on 19,147 adults aged 19 or older from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2016. We computed a cumulative social risk score (range, 0-3) based on 3 social risk factors: low household income, low level of education, and single-living status. CVD outcomes were stroke, myocardial infarction, and angina. Weighted logistic regression examined the associations between cumulative social risk, FRS, and CVD. McFadden pseudo-R
resultsA unit increase in social risk was associated with 89.4% higher risk of stroke diagnosis, controlling for the FRS (P < .001). The FRS explained 8.0% of stroke diagnosis (R
conclusionControlling for the FRS, cumulative social risks predicted stroke, myocardial infarction, and angina among adults in South Korea. Future research is needed to examine non-FRS mediators between cumulative social risk and CVD.
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