ArticleJournal of cellular and molecular medicine2020
Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin binds to erythrocyte MAL receptors and triggers phosphatidylserine exposure.
Article in Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current understanding of eryptosis: mechanisms, physiological functions, role in disease, pharmacological applications, and nomenclature recommendations.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
- Intestinal pathology in goats challenged withVeterinary pathology · 2025Article
- Epsilon Toxin fromToxins · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- The Molecular Architecture and Mode of Action ofToxins · 2024Review
- IsMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Review
- Statins as Potential Preventative Treatment of ETX and Multiple Pore-Forming Toxin-Induced Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Interaction ofToxins · 2022Article
- CNS endothelial derived extracellular vesicles are biomarkers of active disease in multiple sclerosis.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2022Article
- Cell death analysis of recombinant mature epsilon toxin on the kidney cell line.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2021Article
- The MAL Protein, an Integral Component of Specialized Membranes, in Normal Cells and Cancer.Cells · 2021Review
- Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin binds to erythrocyte MAL receptors and triggers phosphatidylserine exposure.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Epsilon toxin (ETX) is a 33-kDa pore-forming toxin produced by type B and D strains of Clostridium perfringens. We previously found that ETX caused haemolysis of human red blood cells, but not of erythrocytes from other species. The cellular and molecular mechanisms of ETX-mediated haemolysis are not well understood. Here, we investigated the effects of ETX on erythrocyte volume and the role of the putative myelin and lymphocyte (MAL) receptors in ETX-mediated haemolysis. We observed that ETX initially decreased erythrocyte size, followed by a gradual increase in volume until lysis. Moreover, ETX triggered phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and enhanced ceramide abundance in erythrocytes. Cell shrinkage, PS exposure and enhanced ceramide abundance were preceded by increases in intracellular Ca
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.