Trial reportEuropean journal of pediatrics2020
Minimally invasive surfactant therapy versus InSurE in preterm neonates of 28 to 34 weeks with respiratory distress syndrome on non-invasive positive pressure ventilation-a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in European journal of pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognosis of neonates receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in low-resource settings: a systematic review and prognostic meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic scoping review of the use of surfactant replacement therapy for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates in low- and middle-income countries.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and safety of pulmonary surfactant delivery strategies in neonatal RDS: a network meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Interventions to Reduce Severe Brain Injury Risk in Preterm Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Sedation for less invasive surfactant administration in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric research · 2023Pooled it
- Surfactant delivery via thin catheter in preterm infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Surfactant therapy via thin catheter in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Original research: surfactant administration using less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) versus enhanced intubate-surfactant-extubate (ENSURE) in preterm infants.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Trial
- Higher (40%) versus lower (30%) FiOEuropean journal of pediatrics · 2025Trial
- Vibrating mesh nebulizers vs. less invasive surfactant administration in the treatment of preterm respiratory distress syndrome: a multicenter, open-label, exploratory, randomized clinical trial.European journal of medical research · 2025Trial
- Comparison of efficacy between beractant and poractant alfa in respiratory distress syndrome among preterm infants (28-33Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Trial
- Less Invasive Surfactant Administration (LISA) versus Intubation Surfactant Extubation (InSurE) technique using higher volume surfactant in management of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome: an open-label randomized controlled trial.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Trial
- Comparing the Effects of Two Surfactant Administration Methods: Minimally Invasive Surfactant Therapy (MIST) with Intubation (INSURE) in Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2024Trial
- Less invasive surfactant administration via infant feeding tube versus InSurE method in preterm infants: a randomized control trial.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Effects of T-Piece Resuscitator Combined With Intubation-Surfactant-Extubation on Respiratory Outcomes and Complications in Premature Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Observational
- Surfactant administration in late preterm and term neonates: is LISA ready for routine use?European journal of pediatrics · 2026Review
- Comparison of LISA and INSURE techniques for surfactant administration: a multicentre retrospective study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Analysis and comparative study on the influencing factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants with gestational age ≤32 weeks based on logistic regression and decision tree models.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Non-Invasive Surfactant Administration in Preterm Infants.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Less invasive surfactant administration versus intubation-surfactant-extubation: a single-center retrospective study.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) are commonly treated with surfactant by intubate surfactant extubate (InSurE) technique. Mode of surfactant administration has evolved towards less invasive technique in the last few years. We randomised 58 preterm infants of 28-34 weeks of gestation with RDS within 6 h of birth to receive surfactant by InSurE or minimally invasive surfactant therapy (MIST). Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) was used as primary respiratory support. The main objective was to compare the need of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in first 72 h of life and secondarily hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA), intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) (> grade 2), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and composite outcome of BPD/mortality. We did not find any difference in need of IMV in first 72 h between MIST and InSurE (relative risk with MIST, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.22 to 1.32). No difference was observed in terms of hs PDA, IVH (> grade 2), BPD and composite outcome of BPD/mortality.Conclusion: There is no difference between MIST and InSurE in preterm neonates with RDS with NIPPV as a primary mode of respiratory support. Larger multicentre studies are needed to further explore differences in treatment failure and other secondary outcomes.Trial registration: www.ctri.nic.in id CTRI/2019/03/017992, registration date March 8, 2019. What is Known • InSurE is commonly used for many years for treatment of RDS in preterm neonates. • MIST has been introduced as a newer tool. What is New • MIST with feeding tube is comparable with InSurE in preterm infants with RDS in developing countries. •NIPPV can be used as primary respiratory support for MIST.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.