ArticleJournal of virology2020
Oregano Oil and Its Principal Component, Carvacrol, Inhibit HIV-1 Fusion into Target Cells.
Article in Journal of virology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Antiviral Potential ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- The Effects of Oregano Essential Oil on Intestinal Health and Muscle Nutritional Components of Crayfish (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Antiviral Activity ofACS omega · 2025Article
- Antiviral Activity ofBiomedicines · 2025Article
- Loading of Oregano Oil in Natural Nanogel and Preliminary Studies on Its Antiviral Activity on Betacoronavirus 1.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Harnessing Monoterpenes and Monoterpenoids as Weapons against Antimicrobial Resistance.Polish journal of microbiology · 2025Review
- Herbal and Dietary Supplements as Adjunctive Treatment for Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Italy.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Phytochemical Analysis and Pharmaceutical Applications of Monoterpenoids Present in the Essential Oil ofAdvances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Review
- Antiretroviral action of Rosemary oil-based atazanavir formulation and the role of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system in the management of HIV-1 infection.Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Article
- Is aromatic plants environmental health engineering (APEHE) a leverage point of the earth system?Heliyon · 2024Article
- Carnosic Acid Inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus Replication by Suppressing Cellular ATP Synthesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Antiviral Natural Products, Their Mechanisms of Action and Potential Applications as Sanitizers and Disinfectants.Food and environmental virology · 2023Review
- Synergistic In Vitro Antiviral Effect of Combinations of Ivermectin, Essential Oils, and 18-(Phthalimid-2-yl)ferruginol against Arboviruses and Herpesvirus.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antioxidant Potential of Spray- and Freeze-Dried Extract from Oregano Processing Wastes, Using an Optimized Ultrasound-Assisted Method.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- COVID-19 pandemic sheds a new research spotlight on antiviral potential of essential oils - A bibliometric study.Heliyon · 2023Review
- Article
- Lime and orange essential oils and d-limonene as a potential COVID-19 inhibitor: Computational,Food bioscience · 2023Article
- Hydroxychloroquine blocks SARS-CoV-2 entry into the endocytic pathway in mammalian cell culture.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Mexican Oregano (Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Nanoemulsions: The rising star of antiviral therapeutics and nanodelivery system-current status and prospects.Current opinion in colloid & interface science · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Oregano essential oil has long been known for its health-promoting benefits. Here, we report its activity against viral replication. Oregano oil was found to specifically inhibit lentiviruses, such as human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV), irrespective of virus tropism, but not hepatitis C virus, adenovirus 5 (ADV5), Zika virus, and influenza (H1N1) virus. Oregano oil's most abundant components, carvacrol and its isomer, thymol, were shown to block virus-target cell fusion while not perturbing other stages of the virus life cycle. We detected changes in virus particle density, suggesting that cholesterol depletion from the HIV-1 envelope membrane reduces virus entry. Furthermore, infection was rescued by adding exogenous cholesterol. The evolution of viral resistance to carvacrol supported this mechanism of action with the identification of mutations in the viral gp41 fusion protein that counteracted cholesterol depletion. In addition, resistance to carvacrol emerged later than typically observed for other clinically used drugs, strengthening its antiviral potential. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed key motifs of carvacrol and thymol required for HIV neutralization and identified previously unknown active analogs. Carvacrol was also shown to additively cooperate with antiretroviral therapy. In sum, oregano oil and improved carvacrol and thymol analogs could be considered to supplement current HIV therapeutics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.