Observational studyInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2020
Elevated Immunoglobulin G4 Levels in Patients with Thyroid Eye Disease and Their Clinical Implications.
Observational study in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between serum immunoglobulin G4 levels and Graves' ophthalmopathy: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Simultaneous Thyroid Eye Disease and IgG4-Related Orbital Disease in a Patient With Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- Targeting the Neonatal Fc Receptor in Autoimmune Diseases: Pipeline and Progress.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- Study on the correlation between serum IgG4/IgG levels and the development of Graves' ophthalmopathy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Age-dependent diagnostic and treatment response prediction of TBII and TSI in Graves' orbitopathy: integration with orbital MRI biomarkers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- IgG4 serum levels in Graves' orbitopathy.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Article
- Reshaping the Concept of Riedel's Thyroiditis into the Larger Frame of IgG4-Related Disease (Spectrum of IgG4-Related Thyroid Disease).Biomedicines · 2023Review
- IgG4-positive Hashimoto thyroiditis and its association with IgG4-related sclerosing disease.BMJ case reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between thyroid eye disease (TED) in patients undergoing orbital decompression and immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) levels. Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted among 185 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with TED and underwent orbital decompression. Serum levels of IgG4 were measured, and immunohistochemical staining for IgG and IgG4 was performed in orbital adipose tissue. Data related to clinicopathologic features were analyzed. Results: Among the 185 enrolled patients with TED, 64 (34.6%) were IgG4-positive. The IgG4-positive patients were older, had higher clinical activity scores (CAS), and had worse best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) than the IgG4-negative patients. Higher thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) levels, histopathological IgG4 counts, IgG4/IgG ratios, and dense lymphocyte infiltration were more frequently observed in IgG4-positive than in IgG4-negative patients. Definitive and probable IgG4 subtypes were independently associated with the active stage in patients with TED. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the IgG4 subtype in TED is common. IgG4-positive patients with TED may be older, have more severe disease, and have higher clinical activity scores. IgG4 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of TED.
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