ArticleNature communications2020
Magnetic cilia carpets with programmable metachronal waves.
Article in Nature communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bioinspired Adaptive Surfaces for Intelligent Liquid Manipulation: Progressing From Passive and Active to Hybrid Strategies.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Amphibious Movement of Microrobots Inspired by Water Spiders.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- A ciliated intravascular soft millirobot for multimodal in-flow collective manipulation.Science advances · 2026Article
- Multi-Legged Magnetic Soft Robot for On-Demand Targeted Delivery in Pulmonary Environments.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Embodied behavioural complexity in a ciliated microorganism.Nature communications · 2026Article
- An artificial cilia-based array system for sound frequency decoding and resonance-responsive drug release.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Bioinspired milliscale near-boundary undulatory motion for fluid transport and adhesive locomotion.Science advances · 2026Article
- Unsegmented marine annelids as biomechanical models for soft robotics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Fluidic torque-enabled object manipulation by microrobot collectives.Science advances · 2026Article
- Light-induced assembly and repeatable actuation in CaNature communications · 2026Article
- Robust Smart Superhydrophobic Cilia.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Physical Intelligence in Small-Scale Robots and Machines.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Multifaceted mechanical responsive metamaterials: Mechanisms, fabrications, and applications.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Review
- Article
- Stable magnetic soft structures.Science advances · 2025Article
- Dynamics and emergence of metachronal waves in the ciliary band of a metazoan larva.Science advances · 2025Article
- Magnetic Cilia with Programmable Beating Patterns for Vortex-Driven Mixing in Microfluidics.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2025Article
- Technology Roadmap of Micro/Nanorobots.ACS nano · 2025Review
- Shape morphing of soft robotics by pneumatic torsion strip braiding.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Armored Regenerable Cilia.ACS nano · 2025Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metachronal waves commonly exist in natural cilia carpets. These emergent phenomena, which originate from phase differences between neighbouring self-beating cilia, are essential for biological transport processes including locomotion, liquid pumping, feeding, and cell delivery. However, studies of such complex active systems are limited, particularly from the experimental side. Here we report magnetically actuated, soft, artificial cilia carpets. By stretching and folding onto curved templates, programmable magnetization patterns can be encoded into artificial cilia carpets, which exhibit metachronal waves in dynamic magnetic fields. We have tested both the transport capabilities in a fluid environment and the locomotion capabilities on a solid surface. This robotic system provides a highly customizable experimental platform that not only assists in understanding fundamental rules of natural cilia carpets, but also paves a path to cilia-inspired soft robots for future biomedical applications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.