ArticleExperimental and molecular pathology2020
Type I astrocytes and microglia induce a cytokine response in an encephalitic murine coronavirus infection.
Article in Experimental and molecular pathology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06857136 (The Role of the Glymphatic System Avaluated Thourgh mr Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management of NPH), which is not on this map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Role of the Glymphatic System Avaluated Thourgh mr Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management of NPH
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Parallel electrophysiological abnormalities due to COVID-19 infection and to Alzheimer's disease and related dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Pooled it
- Frequency and Focus of in Vitro Studies of Microglia-Expressed Cytokines in Response to Viral Infection: A Systematic Review.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2024Pooled it
- From Perinatal Stress to Schizophrenia: The Emerging Role of Glial Pathology.Annals of neurosciences · 2026Review
- Central nervous system and systemic inflammatory networks associated with acute neurological outcomes in COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Long COVID-19: A Narrative Review of Clinical Aspects and Therapeutic Approaches.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Microglia synchronizes with the circadian rhythm of the glymphatic system and modulates glymphatic system function.IUBMB life · 2024Article
- High Levels of NfL, GFAP, TAU, and UCH-L1 as Potential Predictor Biomarkers of Severity and Lethality in Acute COVID-19.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Astroglial Cells: Emerging Therapeutic Targets in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury.Cells · 2024Review
- Astrocytes and the Psychiatric Sequelae of COVID-19: What We Learned from the Pandemic.Neurochemical research · 2023Review
- Immune Functions of Astrocytes in Viral Neuroinfections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Role of aging in Blood-Brain Barrier dysfunction and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection: impacts on neurological symptoms of COVID-19.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2022Review
- 3D Bioprinted Neural-Like Tissue as a Platform to Study Neurotropism of Mouse-Adapted SARS-CoV-2.Advanced biology · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 involvement in central nervous system tissue damage.Neural regeneration research · 2022Review
- Article
- Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in patients with COVID-19: Potential role of RAGE, HMGB1, GFAP and COX-2 in disease severity.International immunopharmacology · 2022Observational
- Experimental Models of SARS-COV-2 Infection in the Central Nervous System.Journal of central nervous system disease · 2022Review
- SARS-Cov-2 Damage on the Nervous System and Mental Health.Current neuropharmacology · 2022Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Pathogenicity on the Central Nervous System: Bridging Experimental Probes to Clinical Evidence and Therapeutic Interventions.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Review
- Glymphatic System: Emerging Therapeutic Target for Neurological Diseases.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pathogenesis of viral infections involves an immune response by cytokines, causing a deleterious effect on organ function, in addition to tissue destruction due to viral replication. Clinical symptoms and laboratory findings of the human coronavirus disease COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS CoV-2, indicate cytokine involvement. Our laboratory showed that an experimental murine coronavirus (MHV-A59) can be transmitted into the brain by intranasal or intracerebral exposure and that neurovirulence is mediated by cytokine secretion. In this study we investigated which cells in the brain produce cytokines, thus functioning as the brain's innate immune system. Using tissue cultures of microglia, and clonal populations of astrocytes, we found that microglia and type I astrocytes (but not types II and III), produced pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to MHV-A59 infection. A molecularly closely related, non-encephalitic strain of the virus (MHV-2) caused in vitro infection, but without cytokine induction. Furthermore, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry revealed that type I astrocytes and microglia have perivascular foot processes necessary for the formation of the perivascular glymphatic system, the anatomical site of the brain's innate immune system. Cytokine secretion by type I astrocytes and microglia, as part of the brain's glymphatic and innate immune system, contributes to the pathogenesis of an encephalitic coronavirus infection, and indicates the rationale for anti-cytokine therapies for COVID-19.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.