ArticleeLife2020
Paranoia as a deficit in non-social belief updating.
Article in eLife, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prior Expectations of Volatility Following Psychotherapy for Delusions: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Environmental Exposures and Computational Mechanisms in Psychosis Risk: Insights from a Multi-Site Cohort.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026Article
- Inferring the causes of noise from binary outcomes: A normative theory of learning under uncertainty.Psychological review · 2026Article
- Dissociating volatility and stochasticity reveals transdiagnostic computational signatures of psychopathology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Anhedonia and Anxious Arousal Are Associated With Distinct Expectations About the Statistics of a Volatile Environment.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Predictive Inference Alterations in Psychosis Proneness Show Task-Dependent Signatures.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2026Article
- pyhgf: A neural network library for predictive coding.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Internal monitoring deficits attenuate post-error slowing in psychosis-proneness.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- Reduced mediodorsal thalamus activity underlies aberrant belief dynamics in a genetic mouse model of schizophrenia.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Relating latent factors of reasoning, affect, and cognition to the delusional experience.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Cognitive modeling of real-world behavior for understanding mental health.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2026Review
- Psychosis-proneness is associated with reduced cognitive error-monitoring during instrumental learning.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- Threading the Needle: Practical Considerations for Merging Theory-Driven Computational Psychiatry With Data-Driven Analytics to Enhance Precision Health at Scale.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026Review
- The Impact of Prior Beliefs about Volatility on Adaptive Behavior.Journal of cognition · 2026Article
- Excessive Switching in OCD and Paranoia Arises From Different Deficits in Belief-Updating.Computational psychiatry (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Neural Dynamics of Social Cognition: A Single-Trial Computational Analysis of Learning Under Uncertainty.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Self-Reflection Protects Behavior from Volatile Beliefs Linked to Paranoia.Computational psychiatry (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Belief inflexibility reduces the impact of allostatic overload on psychotic-like experiences among Ukrainian refugees.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Differential Impact of Social and Non-social Cues on Decision-making Across At-risk Mental State, Early Psychosis, and Healthy Participants.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2026Article
- Twin differences in the Minnesota Trust Game relate to neural mechanisms of suspiciousness.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Paranoia is the belief that harm is intended by others. It may arise from selective pressures to infer and avoid social threats, particularly in ambiguous or changing circumstances. We propose that uncertainty may be sufficient to elicit learning differences in paranoid individuals, without social threat. We used reversal learning behavior and computational modeling to estimate belief updating across individuals with and without mental illness, online participants, and rats chronically exposed to methamphetamine, an elicitor of paranoia in humans. Paranoia is associated with a stronger prior on volatility, accompanied by elevated sensitivity to perceived changes in the task environment. Methamphetamine exposure in rats recapitulates this impaired uncertainty-driven belief updating and rigid anticipation of a volatile environment. Our work provides evidence of fundamental, domain-general learning differences in paranoid individuals. This paradigm enables further assessment of the interplay between uncertainty and belief-updating across individuals and species.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.