ReviewArchives of toxicology2020
Culprit or correlate? An application of the Bradford Hill criteria to Vitamin E acetate.
Review in Archives of toxicology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- The current state of EVALI research (electronic cigarettes or vaping product use-associated lung injury).Archives of toxicology · 2024Article
- Vaping and Lung Inflammation and Injury.Annual review of physiology · 2022Review
- Is COVID-19 masking the ongoing youth vaping crisis?Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2021Article
- Compiling Evidence for EVALI: A Scoping Review of In Vivo Pulmonary Effects After Inhaling Vitamin E or Vitamin E Acetate.Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2021Article
- Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for measuring vitamin E acetate in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences · 2021Article
- Electronic cigarette aerosols induce oxidative stress-dependent cell death and NF-κB mediated acute lung inflammation in mice.Archives of toxicology · 2021Article
- Electronic cigarettes and vaping: toxicological awareness is increasing.Archives of toxicology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vitamin E acetate (VEA) has come under significant scrutiny due to its association with e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI). In 1965, Sir Austin Bradford Hill proposed a set of criteria used to critically assess an association for causality. In this article, we apply the Bradford Hill causation criteria to VEA and the EVALI outbreak to clarify what further areas of study are needed to strengthen the causal argument. Additionally, we highlight the need for systematized approaches to rapidly identify the cause of mass poisoning events of unknown etiology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
32451600What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.