ReviewThrombosis research2020
Estrogen and thrombosis: A bench to bedside review.
Review in Thrombosis research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 234 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment of Hot Flashes in Men With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy.The Prostate · 2026Pooled it
- Determining the Impact of Combination Oral Contraceptives on Von Willebrand Factor and Factor VIII in Healthy Patients and Patients With Von Willebrand Disease: A Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis.Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia · 2025Pooled it
- Intricate roles of estrogen and estrogen receptors in digestive system cancers: a systematic review.Cancer biology & medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Risk of thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 who are using hormonal contraception: a Cochrane systematic review.BMJ sexual & reproductive health · 2023Pooled it
- Risk of thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 who are using hormonal contraception.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Cardiovascular and haematological events post COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Long-Term Changes to Cardiovascular Biomarkers After Hormone Therapy in the Women's Health Initiative Hormone Therapy Clinical Trials.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2025Trial
- Sex Differences in Perihematomal Edema Volume and Outcome After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2024Trial
- Ethinylestradiol in combined hormonal contraceptive has a broader effect on serum proteome compared with estradiol valerate: a randomized controlled trial.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2023Trial
- Engineering neurovascular thrombosis: Light-based bioprinting for patient-specific modeling and women's cerebrovascular health.Science advances · 2026Review
- Prevalence of neurological manifestations among pregnant and postpartum women in a tertiary hospital in Egypt: a descriptive cross-sectional study.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026Article
- Hormonal target validation based on biochemical shifts in gender-affirming hormone therapy.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Article
- Relationship Between Preoperative Coagulation Parameters and Risk of Flap Pedicle Thrombosis Following Free Flap Breast Reconstruction.Microsurgery · 2026Article
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- Evaluation of a Point-of-Care Viscoelastic Coagulation Monitor (VCM Vet) and Thromboelastography (TEG) in Bonobos (Pan paniscus).Journal of medical primatology · 2026Article
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- Think before prescribing oral contraceptive pills - pulmonary embolism in an obese hypertensive woman: a case report.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Estrogen as a therapeutic agent: Targeting endotheliopathy and coagulopathy in trauma.Transfusion · 2026Review
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Estrogen, in the clinical setting is used primarily for contraception and hormone replacement therapy. It has been well established that estrogen increases the risk of both arterial and venous thrombosis. While estrogen is known to induce a prothrombotic milieu through various effects on the hemostatic pathways, the exact molecular mechanism leading to those effects is not known. The most common clinical presentation of estrogen-related thrombosis is venous thromboembolism (VTE) of the deep veins of the legs or pulmonary vessels, usually within the first few months of use. Estrogen has also been associated with increased risk of "unusual site" thromboses, as well as arterial thrombosis. Women at high-risk of thrombosis need careful evaluation and counseling for contraception, pregnancy, menopausal hormonal therapy and other estrogen-related conditions or treatments in order to lower the risk of thromboses. We review the most recent evidence on management of high-estrogen states in women at high-risk of thrombosis, as well as emerging data on unique populations such as transgender women. More studies are needed to better understand the pathophysiology of hormone-related thrombosis, as well as more comprehensive techniques to stratify risks for thrombosis so as to enable tailoring of recommendations for each individual.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.