ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2021
Decreased Time From Human Immunodeficiency Virus Diagnosis to Care, Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation, and Virologic Suppression during the Citywide RAPID Initiative in San Francisco.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence of delayed antiretroviral therapy initiation among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Benefits and Risks of Rapid Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Transforming Human Immunodeficiency Virus Outcomes: Impact of a Rapid Antiretroviral Therapy Model on Linkage to Care and Viral Suppression in Memphis, Tennessee.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Cost Considerations for Rapid Start Implementation: Analysis from Seven Rapid Start Provider Sites.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Temporal trends and clinical outcomes of antiretroviral therapy initiation and regimens in treatment-naive people with HIV: A real-world study at a tertiary specialist hospital in Beijing, China.Infectious diseases & immunity · 2026Article
- Assessing the Benefits of Rapid Start Antiretroviral Therapy for Newly Diagnosed People with HIV in the United States.Advances in therapy · 2025Article
- Outcomes of Rapid Restart Among People With Previously Diagnosed HIV at a Safety-Net HIV Clinic in San Francisco.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- Retention in HIV Care Still Matters: A Longitudinal Multisite Analysis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- Rapid Start of HIV Antiretroviral Therapy in New York State.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- The HIV Epidemic in the United States - Epidemiological Projections and Public Economic Impact of Achieving Zero Transmission Goals.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2025Article
- The Role of Electrochemical Sensors in Enhancing HIV Detection.Current HIV research · 2025Review
- Innovation and implementation determinants of HIV testing and linkage-to-care in the U.S.: a systematic review.Implementation science communications · 2024Review
- Effective Messages to Reduce Stigma among People Newly Diagnosed with HIV during Rapid ART Initiation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Evolving mechanisms and presentations of cardiovascular disease in people with HIV: implications for management.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Cohort Profile: The Zurich Primary HIV Infection Study.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Reflex Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 RNA Testing Enables Timely Differentiation of False-Positive Results From Acute HIV Infection.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Time from treatment initiation to HIV viral suppression in public care facilities in Brazil: A nationwide linked databases cohort.PloS one · 2024Article
- Outcomes and Predictors of Rapid Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation for People With Newly Diagnosed HIV in an Integrated Health Care System.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Lessons learned from U.S. rapid antiretroviral therapy initiation programs.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2023Article
- Rapid start antiretroviral therapies for improved engagement in HIV care: implementation science evaluation protocol.BMC health services research · 2023Article
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Funding
Abstract
backgroundEarly virologic suppression (VS) after human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection improves individual health outcomes and decreases onward transmission. In San Francisco, immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART) at HIV diagnosis was piloted in 2013-2014 and expanded citywide in 2015 in a rapid start initiative to link all new diagnoses to care within 5 days and start ART at the first care visit.
methodsHIV providers and linkage navigators were trained on a rapid start protocol with sites caring for vulnerable populations prioritized. Dates of HIV diagnosis, first care visit, ART initiation, and VS were abstracted from the San Francisco Department of Public Health HIV surveillance registry.
resultsDuring 2013-2017, among 1354 new HIV diagnoses in San Francisco, median days from diagnosis to first VS decreased from 145 to 76 (48%; P < .0001) and from first care visit to ART initiation decreased from 28 to 1 (96%; P < .0001). By 2017, 28% of new diagnoses had a rapid start, which was independently associated with Latinx ethnicity (AOR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.15-2.60) and recent year of diagnosis (2017; AOR, 16.84; 95% CI, 8.03-35.33). Persons with a rapid ART start were more likely to be virologically suppressed within 12 months of diagnosis than those with a non-rapid start (RR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10-1.24).
conclusionsDuring a multisector initiative to optimize ART initiation, median time from diagnosis to VS decreased by nearly half. Immediate ART at care initiation was achieved across many, but not all, populations, and was associated with improved suppression rates.
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