Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32449755›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2020

Evolution of the Insecticide Target Rdl in African Anopheles Is Driven by Interspecific and Interkaryotypic Introgression.

Xavier Grau-Bové, Sean Tomlinson, Andrias O O'Reilly, Nicholas J Harding, Alistair Miles, Dominic Kwiatkowski, Martin J Donnelly, David Weetman, Anopheles gambiae 1000 Genomes Consortium

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Coalescence and translation: A language model for population genetics.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  16. An atlas of positive selection in the genomes of major malaria vectors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Xavier Grau-BovéDepartment of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Sean TomlinsonDepartment of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Andrias O O'ReillySchool of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Nicholas J HardingBig Data Institute, University of Oxford, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Alistair MilesBig Data Institute, University of Oxford, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Dominic KwiatkowskiBig Data Institute, University of Oxford, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Martin J DonnellyDepartment of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
David WeetmanDepartment of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Anopheles gambiae 1000 Genomes Consortium
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine · GBHealth Data Research UK · GBLancaster University · GBLiverpool John Moores University · GBUniversity of Oxford · GBWellcome Sanger Institute · GB

Funding

Genome-based diagnostics for monitoring and evaluation of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiaeR01AI116811 · NIAID · TMLIVERPOOL SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE · PI Martin James Donnelly · 2016 to 2026
$4.6M
Medical Research Council MR/M006212/1Medical Research Council MR/P02520X/1Medical Research Council MR/T001070/1NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI116811Wellcome Trust 090532/Z/09/ZWellcome Trust 090770/Z/09/ZWellcome Trust 098051Wellcome Trust 204911/Z/16/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The evolution of insecticide resistance mechanisms in natural populations of Anopheles malaria vectors is a major public health concern across Africa. Using genome sequence data, we study the evolution of resistance mutations in the resistance to dieldrin locus (Rdl), a GABA receptor targeted by several insecticides, but most notably by the long-discontinued cyclodiene, dieldrin. The two Rdl resistance mutations (296G and 296S) spread across West and Central African Anopheles via two independent hard selective sweeps that included likely compensatory nearby mutations, and were followed by a rare combination of introgression across species (from A. gambiae and A. arabiensis to A. coluzzii) and across nonconcordant karyotypes of the 2La chromosomal inversion. Rdl resistance evolved in the 1950s as the first known adaptation to a large-scale insecticide-based intervention, but the evolutionary lessons from this system highlight contemporary and future dangers for management strategies designed to combat development of resistance in malaria vectors.

Indexed as

DieldrinEvolution, MolecularGenetic IntrogressionAnimalsAnophelesChromosome InversionDrosophila ProteinsHaplotypesInsecticide ResistanceMutationReceptors, GABA-ASelection, GeneticDieldrinDrosophila ProteinsRdl protein, DrosophilaReceptors, GABA-Ainsecticide resistanceinsect vectorspopulation genomics

Identifiers

PMID32449755
PMCPMC7530614
OpenAlexW3027656893

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.