ArticlePharmacological research2020
30-day mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the first wave of the Italian epidemic: A prospective cohort study.
Article in Pharmacological research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 150 papers, 46 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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150 citing papers in PubMed, 46 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Incidence of recovery rate and predictors among hospitalized COVID- 19 infected patients in Ethiopia; a systemic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Global prevalence and effect of comorbidities and smoking status on severity and mortality of COVID-19 in association with age and gender: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Recent Advance Analysis of Recovery in Hospitalized People with COVID-19: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- The negative impact of obesity on the occurrence and prognosis of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2022Pooled it
- Associations between the use of aspirin or other antiplatelet drugs and all-cause mortality among patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Association of Obesity With COVID-19 Severity and Mortality: An Updated Systemic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- The isolated effect of age on the risk of COVID-19 severe outcomes: a systematic review with meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Cardiac biomarkers, cardiac injury, and comorbidities associated with severe illness and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Is Cancer an Independent Risk Factor for Fatal Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients?Archives of medical research · 2021Pooled it
- Pre-existing health conditions and severe COVID-19 outcomes: an umbrella review approach and meta-analysis of global evidence.BMC medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Smoking is associated with worse outcomes of COVID-19 particularly among younger adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2021Pooled it
- Obesity is associated with severe disease and mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic meta-analysis of immune signatures in patients with COVID-19.Reviews in medical virology · 2021Pooled it
- The association of smoking status with SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19: a living rapid evidence review with Bayesian meta-analyses (version 7).Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Pooled it
- Visceral adiposity, subcutaneous adiposity, and severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): Systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of regional risk factors for critical outcomes of COVID-19 during early phase of the pandemic.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Association of acute kidney injury with the severity and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A meta-analysis.The American journal of emergency medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Anticoagulation outcomes in hospitalized Covid-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies.Reviews in medical virology · 2021Pooled it
- Obesity aggravates COVID-19: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of medical virology · 2021Pooled it
90 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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25 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Italy was the first European country hit by the COVID-19 pandemic and has the highest number of recorded COVID-19 deaths in Europe. This prospective cohort study of the correlates of the risk of death in COVID-19 patients was conducted at the Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care units of Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy. The clinical characteristics of all the COVID-19 patients hospitalised in the early days of the epidemic (21 February -19 March 2020) were recorded upon admission, and the time-dependent probability of death was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method (censored as of 20 April 2020). Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the factors independently associated with the risk of death. Forty-eight (20.6 %) of the 233 patients followed up for a median of 40 days (interquartile range 33-47) died during the follow-up. Most were males (69.1 %) and their median age was 61 years (IQR 50-72). The time-dependent probability of death was 19.7 % (95 % CI 14.6-24.9 %) 30 days after hospital admission. Age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.08, 95 % CI 1.48-2.92 per ten years more) and obesity (aHR 3.04, 95 % CI 1.42-6.49) were independently associated with an increased risk of death, which was also associated with critical disease (aHR 8.26, 95 % CI 1.41-48.29), C-reactive protein levels (aHR 1.17, 95 % CI 1.02-1.35 per 50 mg/L more) and creatinine kinase levels above 185 U/L (aHR 2.58, 95 % CI 1.37-4.87) upon admission. Case-fatality rate of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the early days of the Italian epidemic was about 20 %. Our study adds evidence to the notion that older age, obesity and more advanced illness are factors associated to an increased risk of death among patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
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