ArticleDental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials2020
Effect of different composite modulation protocols on the conversion and polymerization stress profile of bulk-filled resin restorations.
Article in Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heating and preheating of dental restorative materials-a systematic review.Clinical oral investigations · 2020Pooled it
- Are flowable composite resins containing bioactive particles truly biocompatible?Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2026Review
- Material-Dependent Microhardness Response to Preheating in Nanoparticulate Composite Resins Cured with High-Intensity Light.Dentistry journal · 2025Article
- Effect of preheating and curing lamp distance on the degree of conversion of four nanohybrid resins: AnJournal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2024Article
- Comparison of the effect of preheating on the flexural strength of giomer and nanohybrid composite resin.Journal of dental research, dental clinics, dental prospects · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this in vitro study was to test the effect of different composite modulation protocols (pre-heating, light-curing time and oligomer addition) for bulk filling techniques on resin polymerization stress, intra-pulpal temperature change and degree of conversion.
methodsClass I cavities (4mm depth×5mm diameter) were prepared in 48 extracted third molars and divided in 6 groups. Restorations were completed with a single increment, according to the following groups: (1) Filtek Z250XT (room temperature - activated for 20s); (2) Filtek Z250XT (at room temperature - activated for 40s); (3) Filtek Z250XT (pre-heated at 68°C - activated for 20s); (4) Filtek Z250XT (pre-heated at 68°C - activated for 40s); (5) Filtek BulkFill (at room temperature - activated for 20s); (6) Filtek Z250XT (modified by the addition of a thio-urethane oligomer at room temperature - activated for 40s). Acoustic emission test was used as a real-time polymerization stress (PS) assessment. The intra-pulpal temperature change was recorded with a thermocouple and bottom/top degree of conversion (DC) measured by Raman spectroscopy. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA/Tukey's test (α=5%).
resultsPre-heating the resin composite did not influence the intra-pulpal temperature (p=0.077). The thio-urethane-containing composite exhibited significantly less PS, due to a lower number of acoustic events. Groups with pre-heated composites did not result in significantly different PS. Filtek BulkFill and the thio-urethane experimental composite presented significantly higher DC. SIGNIFICANCE: Resin composite pre-heating was not able to reduce polymerization stress in direct restorations. However, thio-urethane addition to a resin composite could reduce the polymerization stress while improving the DC.
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Registered trials
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