ArticleVision research2020
An opponent dual-detector spectral drive model of emmetropization.
Article in Vision research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Short-Term Axial Length Effects of Combining Paracentral Collimating Apertures with Near-Peripheral Myopic Defocus for Myopia Control.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- S-Cone Retinal Pathway Dysfunction in Myopia.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Significant Improvement in High Myopic Anisometropic Amblyopia Treated With Repeated Low-Level Red-Light (RLRL) Therapy: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- Short-term exposure to cyan light attenuates myopigenic effects of hyperopic defocus on ocular biometry in humans.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Display color gamut as a spectral risk factor for myopia: a unifying hypothesis linking chromatic emmetropization, cone circuitry dysfunction, and the spectral deficiency of digital screens.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Blue Light Defocus Induces A Positive Effect on Refractive Status and Ocular Health: A Randomized Crossover Trial.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2025Article
- IMI: The Role of Light in Refractive Development and Myopia: Evidence from Animal and Human Studies.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Review
- Childhood Myopia Part II: Treatment Mechanisms, Emerging Options, and Considerations.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Review
- Article
- Chromatic cues for the sign of defocus in the peripheral retina.Biomedical optics express · 2024Article
- The Parameters Governing the Anti-Myopia Efficacy of Chromatically Simulated Myopic Defocus in Tree Shrews.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Influence of Aberration-Free, Narrowband Light on the Choroidal Thickness and Eye Length.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- The effects of ambient narrowband long-wavelength light on lens-induced myopia and form-deprivation myopia in tree shrews.Experimental eye research · 2023Article
- Photobiomodulation at 660 nm promotes collagen synthesis via downregulation of HIF-1α expression without photodamage in human scleral fibroblasts in vitro in a hypoxic environment.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023Article
- IMI 2023 Digest.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Limited bandwidth short-wavelength light produces slowly-developing myopia in tree shrews similar to human juvenile-onset myopia.Vision research · 2023Article
- Myopia: why the retina stops inhibiting eye growth.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Chromatically simulated myopic blur counteracts a myopiagenic environment.Experimental eye research · 2022Article
- Red light irradiation as an intervention for myopia.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2022Review
- Short-Term Exposure to Blue Light Shows an Inhibitory Effect on Axial Elongation in Human Eyes Independent of Defocus.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In post-natal developing eyes a feedback mechanism uses optical cues to regulate axial growth so as to achieve good focus, a process termed emmetropization. However, the optical cues that the feedback mechanism uses have remained unclear. Here we present evidence that a primary visual cue may be the detection of different image statistics by the short-wavelength sensitive (SWS) and long-wavelength sensitive (LWS) cone photoreceptors, caused by longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA). We use as a model system the northern tree shrew Tupaia belangeri, diurnal cone-dominated dichromatic mammals closely related to primates. We present an optical model in which the SWS and LWS photoreceptors each represent an image at different levels of defocus. The model posits that an imbalance between SWS and LWS image statistics directs eye growth towards the point at which these image statistics are in balance. Under spectrally broadband ("white") lighting, the focus of the eye is driven to a target point approximately in the middle of the visible spectrum, which is emmetropia. Calculations suggest that the SWS cone array, despite the sparse number of SWS cones, can plausibly detect the wavelength-dependent differences in defocus and guide refractive development. The model is consistent with the effects of various narrow-band illuminants on emmetropization in tree shrews. Simulations suggest that common artificial light spectra do not interfere with emmetropization. Simulations also suggest that multi-spectral multi-focal lenses, where the different optical zones of a multifocal lens have different spectral filtering properties, could be an anti-myopia intervention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.