Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32445698›Full record

ArticleCell2020

Metabolic Regulation of the Epigenome Drives Lethal Infantile Ependymoma.

Kulandaimanuvel Antony Michealraj, Sachin A Kumar, Leo J Y Kim, Florence M G Cavalli, David Przelicki, John B Wojcik, Alberto Delaidelli, Andrea Bajic, Olivier Saulnier, Graham MacLeod and 56 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
87citing papers in PubMed
7.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

87 citing papers in PubMed, 136 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. A brief history of ependymoma.Neuro-oncology · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
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  14. Modeling pediatric brain tumors with human stem cells.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

66 authors at 19 institutions in 2 countries.

Kulandaimanuvel Antony MichealrajThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Sachin A KumarThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Leo J Y KimDivision of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Florence M G CavalliThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
David PrzelickiThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
John B WojcikDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Alberto DelaidelliDepartment of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada.
Andrea BajicDepartment of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada.
Olivier SaulnierThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Graham MacLeodLeslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada.
Ravi N VellankiPrincess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Maria C VladoiuThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Paul GuilhamonThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Winnie OngThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
John J Y LeeThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Yanqing JiangThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Borja L HolgadoThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Alex RasnitsynThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Ahmad A MalikCentre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Ricky TsaiCentre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Cory M RichmanThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Kyle JuraschkaThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Joonas HaapasaloThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Evan Y WangThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Pasqualino De AntonellisThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Hiromichi SuzukiThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Hamza FarooqThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Polina BalinThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Kaitlin KharasThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Randy Van OmmerenThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Olga SirbuThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Avesta RastanThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Stacey L KrumholtzThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Michelle LyThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Moloud AhmadiLeslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada.
Geneviève DebloisPrincess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Dilakshan SrikanthanThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Betty LuuThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
James LoukidesThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Xiaochong WuThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Livia GarziaCancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
Vijay RamaswamyThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
Evgeny KanshinInstitute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
María Sánchez-OsunaInstitute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
Ibrahim El-HamamyComputational Biology Program, Adaptive Oncology Theme, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Fiona J CoutinhoThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Panagiotis PrinosStructural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, MaRS Centre, South Tower, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Sheila SinghStem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
Laura K DonovanThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Craig DanielsThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Daniel SchramekCentre for Molecular and Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Mike TyersInstitute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
Samuel WeissHotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
Lincoln D SteinComputational Biology Program, Adaptive Oncology Theme, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Mathieu LupienPrincess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Bradly G WoutersPrincess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Benjamin A GarciaDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Cheryl H ArrowsmithDepartment of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, MaRS Centre, South Tower, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Poul H SorensenDepartment of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada.
Stephane AngersLeslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Nada JabadoDepartment of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
Peter B DirksThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Stephen C MackTexas Children's Hospital Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address: stephen.mack@bcm.edu.
Sameer AgnihotriDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Electronic address: sameer.agnihotri@gmail.com.
Jeremy N RichDivision of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: drjeremyrich@gmail.com.
Michael D TaylorThe Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada. Electronic address: mdt.cns@gmail.com.
Hospital for Sick Children · CAUniversity of Toronto · CAUniversity Health Network · CAMcGill University Health Centre · CAOntario Institute for Cancer Research · CAUniversité de Montréal · CAUniversity of British Columbia · CAUniversity of California San Diego · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · USChildren's Cancer Center · USInstitute for Research in Immunology and Cancer · CALunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute · CAMcGill University · CAMcMaster University · CAMount Sinai Hospital · CAPrincess Margaret Cancer Centre · CAStructural Genomics Consortium · CAUniversity of Calgary · CAUniversity of Pittsburgh · US

Funding

Mouse models to discover new drivers of medulloblastomaR01CA159859 · NCI · SANFORD BURNHAM PREBYS MEDICAL DISCOVERY INSTITUTE · PI Michael D. Taylor, WILLIAM A WEISS · 2011 to 2026
$10.4M
Dynamic Complexity of Brain Tumor Stem Cells (R35CA197718)R35CA197718 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI RICH, JEREMY N · 2015 to 2021
$6.4M
Targeting Ferritin in GlioblastomaR01CA169117 · NCI · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI BAO, SHIDENG, CONNOR, JAMES ROBERT · 2013 to 2017
$2.7M
Medulloblastoma and MetastasesR01CA148699 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI TAYLOR, MICHAEL D., WEISS, WILLIAM A · 2010 to 2014
$2.4M
Metabolism Informs Intertumoral & Intratumoral HeterogeneityR01NS087913 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI NAKANO, ICHIRO, RICH, JEREMY N · 2014 to 2018
$2.0M
Targeting Brain Tumor Stem Cells Through Novel Therapeutic CombinationsR01CA154130 · NCI · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI RICH, JEREMY N · 2010 to 2014
$1.9M
Energy Stress in Brain Tumor Initiating Stem CellsR01NS089272 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI RICH, JEREMY N · 2014 to 2018
$1.7M
Instructive Cues in Glioblastoma HierarchiesR01CA171652 · NCI · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI RICH, JEREMY N · 2014 to 2014
$421k
Targeting TCA cycle in Brain Tumor Initiating CellsF30CA203101 · NCI · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI KIM, JIN YOUNG LEO · 2016 to 2019
$160k
NCI NIH HHS F30 CA203101NCI NIH HHS R01 CA148699NCI NIH HHS R01 CA154130NCI NIH HHS R01 CA159859NCI NIH HHS R01 CA169117NCI NIH HHS R01 CA171652NCI NIH HHS R35 CA197718NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS087913NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS089272Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Posterior fossa A (PFA) ependymomas are lethal malignancies of the hindbrain in infants and toddlers. Lacking highly recurrent somatic mutations, PFA ependymomas are proposed to be epigenetically driven tumors for which model systems are lacking. Here we demonstrate that PFA ependymomas are maintained under hypoxia, associated with restricted availability of specific metabolites to diminish histone methylation, and increase histone demethylation and acetylation at histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27). PFA ependymomas initiate from a cell lineage in the first trimester of human development that resides in restricted oxygen. Unlike other ependymomas, transient exposure of PFA cells to ambient oxygen induces irreversible cellular toxicity. PFA tumors exhibit a low basal level of H3K27me3, and, paradoxically, inhibition of H3K27 methylation specifically disrupts PFA tumor growth. Targeting metabolism and/or the epigenome presents a unique opportunity for rational therapy for infants with PFA ependymoma.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrain NeoplasmsCell LineCell ProliferationDNA MethylationEpendymomaEpigenomeEpigenomicsHistonesHumansInfantInfratentorial NeoplasmsLysineMaleMice, Inbred C57BLMutationHistonesLysinecancer metabolismependymomaepigeneticshindbrain developmentmicroenvironmentpaediatric cancer

Identifiers

PMID32445698
PMCPMC10782558
OpenAlexW3027987756

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.