ReviewThe Lancet. Neurology2020
Understanding multifactorial brain changes in type 2 diabetes: a biomarker perspective.
Review in The Lancet. Neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship of diabetic retinopathy to cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Eye (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Perceptions and responses to cognitive decline in people with diabetes: A systematic review of qualitative studies.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Altered White Matter Microstructures in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Coordinate-Based Meta-Analysis of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Studies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- Dementia in type 2 diabetes: risk factors, disease processes and opportunities for prevention across the lifespan.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Trajectory-Oriented Brain Vulnerability Framework for Cognitive Decline in Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Brain pathology in relation to somatic diseases: Exploring the body-brain crosstalk.Journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- Cognitive Function Mediates the Association Between Type 2 Diabetes and Physical Performance Decline in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Blood-brain barrier water permeability is elevated in type 2 diabetes and obesity: associations with cognitive function and metabolic markers.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- The relationship between sedentary time, sleep quality, glycemic control, and mild cognitive impairment in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Buwang Formula Regulates Microglial Metabolic Reprogramming and Modulates the mTOR/HIF-1α Pathway to Reduce Neuroinflammation in Diabetic Mice.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Dynamic dementia risk before and after incident diabetes mellitus: a combined case-control and cohort study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Is Elevated in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: Associations with Cognitive Function and Metabolic Markers.Research square · 2026Article
- Simultaneous PET/fMRI distinguishes the separate and synergistic effects of T2DM and MCI on cerebral glucose metabolism and fALFF.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Causal Links of Type 2 Diabetes and Its Complications With Cortical Modification: A Mendelian Randomization and Mediation Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Proteomic signature of dementia risk in type 2 diabetes.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Neurocognitive performance and appetite-regulating hormones in obesity with and without eating disorders: A comprehensive review and empirical analysis.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Disentangling the relationship between glucose, insulin and brain health: A UK Biobank study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Complex Neurobiological Mechanisms and Risk Factors Underlying Late-Life Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of interaction between type 2 diabetes and psychological disorders and therapeutic interventions: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Hybrid PET/fMRI reveals interactive effects of T2DM and MCI on cerebral glucose metabolism and ALFF.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
People with type 2 diabetes are at an increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia (including Alzheimer's disease), as well as subtle forms of cognitive dysfunction. Current diabetes guidelines recommend screening for cognitive impairment in groups at high risk and providing guidance for diabetes management in patients with diabetes and cognitive impairment. Yet, no disease-modifying treatment is available and important questions remain about the mechanisms underlying diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction. These mechanisms are likely to be multifactorial and different for subtle and more severe forms of diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction. Over the past years, research on dementia, brain ageing, diabetes, and vascular disease has identified novel biomarkers of specific dementia aetiologies, brain parenchymal injury, and cerebral blood flow and metabolism. These markers shed light on the processes underlying diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction, have clear applications in current research and increasingly in clinical diagnosis, and might ultimately guide targeted treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.