SynthesisNutrients2020
The Effect of Ingesting Carbohydrate and Proteins on Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of protein supplements on athletic performance and post-exercise recovery - a Bayesian multilevel meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Recovery Strategies After Training and Competition in Endurance Athletes: An Umbrella Review.Sports medicine - open · 2024Pooled it
- The effect of protein intake on athletic performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Relationship of Carbohydrate Intake during a Single-Stage One-Day Ultra-Trail Race with Fatigue Outcomes and Gastrointestinal Problems: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- The Effect of Alginate Encapsulated Plant-Based Carbohydrate and Protein Supplementation on Recovery and Subsequent Performance in Athletes.Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Short-Term Effects of Low-Fat Chocolate Milk on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness and Performance in Players on a Women's University Badminton Team.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Glucose but not fructose ingestion improves endurance cycling performance despite similar neuromuscular fatigue at exhaustion.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Plant-protein supplementation improves thermoregulatory responses and ameliorates markers of intestinal damage during exercise in the heat.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Nutritional considerations for athletes with diabetes: optimizing performance and glycemic control.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Improvements in competition performance of national-level track and field athletes following a personalized nutrition intervention: a mixed methods approach.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- The 4Rs Framework of Sports Nutrition: An Update with Recommendations to Evaluate Allostatic Load in Athletes.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- From Food Supplements to Functional Foods: Emerging Perspectives on Post-Exercise Recovery Nutrition.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Wheat Peptides as Catalysts for Athletic Performance Improvement in Cross-Country Skiers: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Nutritional priorities, practices and preferences of athletes and active individuals in the context of new product development in the sports nutrition sector.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023Article
- Athletes' nutritional demands: a narrative review of nutritional requirements.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- Acute or Short-term Effects of Whey Protein Alone or Along with Carbohydrate on Inflammation: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials:.Galen medical journal · 2023Article
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Healthy Adults-Possible Applications in Health Care, Wellness, and Sports.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Training Load Capacity, Cumulative Risk, and Bone Stress Injuries: A Narrative Review of a Holistic Approach.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Endurance athletes participating in sporting events may be required to complete multiple training sessions a day or on successive days with a limited recovery time. Nutritional interventions that enhance the restoration of endogenous fuel stores (e.g., liver and muscle glycogen) and improve muscle damage repair have received a lot of attention. The purpose of this review is to investigate the effect of ingesting carbohydrate (CHO) and protein (PRO) on athletic performance. Studies were identified by searching the electronic databases PubMed and EMBASE. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to examine the intervention efficacy. A total of 30 randomized controlled trials (RCT), comprising 43 trials and 326 participants in total, were included in this review. The meta-analysis showed an overall significant effect in Time-To-Exhaustion (TTE) and Time-Trial (TT) performance, when ingesting carbohydrates and proteins (CHO-PRO) compared to CHO-only (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.