ReviewNutrients2020
Gut-Muscle AxisExists and May Affect Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Training.
Review in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of probiotic supplements in the treatment of sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- The performance gut: a key to optimizing performance in high-level athletes: a systematic scoping review.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Pooled it
- Gut microbiota in patients with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Changes in the gut microbiota of patients with sarcopenia based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- The role of vitamin B12 in viral infections: a comprehensive review of its relationship with the muscle-gut-brain axis and implications for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Nutrition reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic Review of the Effects of Exercise and Physical Activity on the Gut Microbiome of Older Adults.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Bifidobacterium longum BB536 is associated with improvements in gastrointestinal symptoms and odor-related metabolites in microbiota-defined subgroups of male athletes consuming a high-protein diet: exploratory randomized double‑blind placebo‑controlled trial.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Trial
- Trial
- From Gut to Skeletal Muscle: Synergistic Effects of Probiotics and Spirulina Supplementation on Soccer Players' Performance and Body Composition.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Synergistic Effects of Probiotic and Omega-3 Supplementation with Ultra-Short Race Pace Training on Sprint Swimming Performance.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- The effect of probiotics and casein supplementation on aerobic capacity parameters of male soccer players.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024Trial
- Enhancing gut microbiota and microbial function with inulin supplementation in children with obesity.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2024Trial
- Efficacy ofNutrients · 2024Trial
- Live and Heat-Killed ProbioticNutrients · 2022Trial
- Effects of inulin supplementation on body composition and metabolic outcomes in children with obesity.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Associations of host gene expression in the brain, liver, muscle with fecal and cecal microbiota composition in pigs.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- From Athletic Performance to Functional Ageing: Shared Genetic Architecture, Redox-Inflammatory Pathways and Functional Reserve Across the Life Course-A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- From Mechanisms to Practice: Gut Microbiome-Based Strategies for Supporting Recovery in Elite Athletes.Nutrients · 2026Review
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Excessive training may limit physiological muscle adaptation through chronic oxidative stress and inflammation. Improper diet and overtraining may also disrupt intestinal homeostasis and in consequence enhance inflammation. Altogether, these factors may lead to an imbalance in the gut ecosystem, causing dysregulation of the immune system. Therefore, it seems to be important to optimize the intestinal microbiota composition, which is able to modulate the immune system and reduce oxidative stress. Moreover, the optimal intestinal microbiota composition may have an impact on muscle protein synthesis and mitochondrial biogenesis and function, as well as muscle glycogen storage. Aproperly balanced microbiome may also reduce inflammatory markers and reactive oxygen species production, which may further attenuate macromolecules damage. Consequently, supplementation with probiotics may have some beneficial effect on aerobic and anaerobic performance. The phenomenon of gut-muscle axis should be continuously explored to function maintenance, not only in athletes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.