Observational studyMedicine2020
Effect of intraventricularly administered low-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator on interleukin 1-beta and transforming growth factor beta concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage associated with intraventricular hemorrhage: A retrospective study.
Observational study in Medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- CSF and serum inflammatory response and association with outcomes in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage with intraventricular extension: an analysis of the CLEAR-III Trial.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Early Inflammatory Cytokine Expression in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Spontaneous Intraventricular Hemorrhage.Biomolecules · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that modulation of brain inflammation may uncover new potential therapeutic strategies for stroke. Recent studies have shifted focus from immunological implications in ischemic stroke to a more devastating form; the hemorrhagic stroke.The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroinflammatory response in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) associated with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in the presence of low-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA).This retrospective study included 88 adults with primary ICH associated with IVH. Patients were divided into 2 groups: rt-PA group and non-rt-PA group, which received normal standard of care for this diagnosis. The rt-PA group was treated via catheter-based clot lysis using low-dose rt-PA injected through the external ventricular drain (EVD) system, and the non-rt-PA group was treated with saline applied to EVD system in equivalent volume. Cerebrospinal fluid samples from rt-PA were obtained from the EVD system at 4 time points: once before the drug administration, and then on day 1, 3, and 7. No attempt at randomization was made. The decision to inject rt-PA was based on the preference of the primary attending neurologist and the ability to obtain consent. Temporal interleukin-1 beta and transforming growth factor beta concentration changes were analyzed and compared between the 2 groups.The concentration of interleukin-1 beta was significantly lower in the rt-PA group than in the non-rt-PA group on day 7. In addition, the concentration of transforming growth factor beta was significantly higher in the rt-PA group than in the non-rt-PA group on day 1. There was a significant difference in interleukin-1 beta concentration between days 0 and 1 in comparison to day 3 in the rt-PA group, and between day 0 in comparison to day 3 and 7 in the non-rt-PA group. We also observed a significant difference in transforming growth factor beta concentration between days 0 and 1 and between days 3 and 7.The different pattern of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with ICH associated with IVH suggest distinct characteristics of secondary brain injury depending on the treatment modality.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.