Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32441782›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of educational psychology2021

How executive functions contribute to reading comprehension.

Suzan Nouwens, Margriet A Groen, Tijs Kleemans, Ludo Verhoeven

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of educational psychology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06557382 (The Power of Cognitive Skills to Predict Reading Speed), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06557382 completednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

The Power of Cognitive Skills to Predict Reading Speed

TypeobservationalSponsorIstanbul Medipol University HospitalRan2023 to 2024Enrolled50ConditionsCognitive Function 1, Social, Reading ProblemArmsCognitive tests and reading-related evaluations
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  16. Atypical characteristic changes of surface morphology and structural covariance network in developmental dyslexia.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024
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  19. Reading comprehension improvement in autism.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Suzan NouwensUniversity of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-780X
Margriet A GroenRadboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Tijs KleemansRadboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Ludo VerhoevenRadboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExecutive functions have been proposed to account for individual variation in reading comprehension beyond the contributions of decoding skills and language skills. However, insight into the direct and indirect effects of multiple executive functions on fifth-grade reading comprehension, while accounting for decoding and language skills, is limited.

aimThe present study investigated the direct and indirect effects of fourth-grade executive functions (i.e., working memory, inhibition, and planning) on fifth-grade reading comprehension, after accounting for decoding and language skills. SAMPLE: The sample included 113 fourth-grade children (including 65 boys and 48 girls; Age M = 9.89; SD = .44 years).

methodsThe participants were tested on their executive functions (working memory, inhibition and planning), and their decoding skills, language skills (vocabulary and syntax knowledge) and reading comprehension, one year later.

resultsUsing structural equation modelling, the results indicated direct effects of working memory and planning on reading comprehension, as well as indirect effects of working memory and inhibition via decoding (χ

conclusionsThe results of the present study highlight the importance of executive functions for reading comprehension after taking variance in decoding and language skills into account: Both working memory and planning uniquely contributed to reading comprehension. In addition, working memory and inhibition also supported decoding. As a practical implication, educational professionals should not only consider the decoding and language skills children bring into the classroom, but their executive functions as well.

Indexed as

ComprehensionExecutive FunctionReadingChildFemaleHumansMaleMemory, Short-TermVocabularyexecutive functionsprimary educationreading comprehension developmentsimple view of readingstructural equation modelling

Identifiers

PMID32441782
PMCPMC7983997

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.