ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2020
Exposure to Drinking Water Chlorination by-Products and Fetal Growth and Prematurity: A Nationwide Register-Based Prospective Study.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gestational Trichloroacetic Acid Exposure Induces Miscarriage by Disrupting Iron Homeostasis in Trophoblasts via the KEAP1-NRF2 Pathway.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Multipathway health risk assessment on disinfection byproducts of drinking water in central China: a study of 15,280 samples.Journal of water and health · 2025Article
- Seek and you shall find: Yersinia enterocolitica in Ireland's drinking water.Irish journal of medical science · 2024Article
- Advances in understanding the reproductive toxicity of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in women.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- US drinking water quality: exposure risk profiles for seven legacy and emerging contaminants.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2024Review
- Maternal exposure to nitrosamines in drinking water during pregnancy and birth outcomes in a Chinese cohort.Chemosphere · 2023Article
- Drinking Water Disinfection by-Products and Congenital Malformations: A Nationwide Register-Based Prospective Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChlorination is globally used to produce of safe drinking water. Chlorination by-products are easily formed, and there are indications that these are associated with adverse reproductive outcomes.
objectivesWe conducted a nationwide register-based prospective study to assess whether gestational exposure to the four most common chlorination by-products [total trihalomethanes (TTHMs)] via tap water was associated with risk of small for gestational age (SGA), preterm delivery, and very preterm delivery. To date, this is one of the largest studies assessing drinking water TTHM-associated adverse reproductive outcomes.
methodsWe included all singleton births 2005-2015 (live and stillbirths) of mothers residing in Swedish localities having
resultsBased on approximately 500,000 births, we observed a TTHM dose-dependent association with increased risk of SGA, confined to treatment with hypochlorite, corresponding to a multivariable-adjusted DISCUSSION: Chlorination by-products exposure via drinking water was associated with increased risk of SGA in areas with hypochlorite treatment. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6012.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.