ArticleJCI insight2020
Robust antibody and cellular responses induced by DNA-only vaccination for HIV.
Article in JCI insight, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02431767 (A Phase 1 Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of PENNVAX®-GP), which is not on this map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 1 Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of PENNVAX®-GP (Gag, Pol, Env) DNA Vaccine and IL-12 Plasmid, Delivered Via Intradermal or Intramuscular Electroporation in Healthy, HIV-Uninfected Adult Participants
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Baseline host determinants of robust human HIV-1 vaccine-induced immune responses: A meta-analysis of 26 vaccine regimens.EBioMedicine · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Evaluation of Cellular Immune Responses After mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Children 6 Months to 11 Years of Age.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- An open-label study on the safety and immunogenicity of a PD-1-enhanced DNA vaccine used as a T cell booster for COVID-19.EBioMedicine · 2025Trial
- Focusing HIV-1 Gag T cell responses to highly conserved regions by DNA vaccination in HVTN 119.JCI insight · 2024Trial
- Personalized neoantigen vaccine and pembrolizumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase 1/2 trial.Nature medicine · 2024Trial
- Trial
- DNA-based vaccines: Advances, applications, and future prospects.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Biomaterial-Integrated Electroporation for Therapeutic Delivery: From Gene Editing to Tumor Ablation and Immune Modulation.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Engineering single-dose plasmid DNA for sustained in vivo delivery of designer incretins.Trends in biotechnology · 2026Article
- Nanoparticle Immunoadjuvant Complexes Augment Germinal Center Responses to Vaccination.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Novel enzymatic DNA produced from a text file achieves comparable immune responses as plasmid vaccine.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- DNA Immunotherapy (INO-3107) Results in Long-Term Surgery Reduction in RRP.The Laryngoscope · 2025Observational
- Highly immunogenic DNA/LION nanocarrier vaccine potently activates lymph nodes inducing long-lasting immunity in macaques.iScience · 2025Article
- Modulation of lipid nanoparticle-formulated plasmid DNA drives innate immune activation promoting adaptive immunity.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Advances in molecular adjuvants for nucleic acid vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Synthetic DNA co-immunization with vaccine-aligned common consensus nucleoprotein and hemagglutinin protects mice against lethal influenza infection with a single immunization.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- New insights for the development of efficient DNA vaccines.Microbial biotechnology · 2024Review
- Vaccine delivery systems and administration routes: Advanced biotechnological techniques to improve the immunization efficacy.Vaccine: X · 2024Review
- Flow cytometry as an integrative method for the evaluation of vaccine immunogenicity: A validation approach.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
28 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUNDHVTN 098, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, evaluated the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of PENNVAX-GP HIV DNA vaccine, administered with or without plasmid IL-12 (pIL-12), via intradermal (ID) or intramuscular (IM) electroporation (EP) in healthy, HIV-uninfected adults. The study tested whether PENNVAX-GP delivered via ID/EP at one-fifth the dose could elicit equivalent immune responses to delivery via IM/EP and whether inclusion of pIL-12 provided additional benefit.METHODSParticipants received DNA encoding HIV-1 env/gag/pol in 3 groups: 1.6 mg ID (ID no IL-12 group, n = 20), 1.6 mg ID + 0.4 mg pIL-12 (ID + IL-12 group, n = 30), 8 mg IM + 1 mg pIL-12 (IM + IL-12 group, n = 30), or placebo (n = 9) via EP at 0, 1, 3, and 6 months. Results of cellular and humoral immunogenicity assessments are reported.RESULTSFollowing vaccination, the frequency of responders (response rate) to any HIV protein based on CD4+ T cells expressing IFN-γ or IL-2 was 96% for both the ID + IL-12 and IM + IL-12 groups; CD8+ T cell response rates were 64% and 44%, respectively. For ID delivery, the inclusion of pIL-12 increased CD4+ T cell response rate from 56% to 96%. The frequency of responders was similar (≥90%) for IgG binding antibody to gp140 consensus Env across all groups, but the magnitude was higher in the ID + IL-12 group compared with the IM + IL-12 group.CONCLUSIONPENNVAX-GP DNA induced robust cellular and humoral immune responses, demonstrating that immunogenicity of DNA vaccines can be enhanced by EP route and inclusion of pIL-12. ID/EP was dose sparing, inducing equivalent, or in some aspects superior, immune responses compared with IM/EP.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov NCT02431767.FUNDINGThis work was supported by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), U.S. Public Health Service grants, an HIV Vaccine Design and Development Team contract, Integrated Preclinical/Clinical AIDS Vaccine Development Program, and an NIH award.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.