ArticleHead & neck2020
Early effects of cigarette smoke extract on human oral keratinocytes and carcinogenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Article in Head & neck, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers Identification in the Microenvironment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of Proteomic Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- PI3K/mTOR inhibition attenuates cigarette smoke-induced senescence and SASP in oral fibroblasts: implications for tumor microenvironment remodeling.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Integrin Glycovariants as Biomarkers of Metastasis, Invasion, and Therapy Stratification in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- A New Model to Investigate the Action of Radiation and Cigarette Smoke on Head and Neck Cancer Cells.Cancers · 2025Article
- Article
- Single-cell integrated transcriptomics reveals the role of keratinocytes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Journal of applied genetics · 2024Article
- Contamination of surfaces in children's homes with nicotine and the potent carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamine NNK.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2024Article
- Effect of tobacco use on cadmium accumulation in the oral keratinized mucosa.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Early effects of cigarette smoke extract on human oral keratinocytes and carcinogenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Head & neck · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCigarette smoking is a major risk factor for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Still, the effect of cigarette smoke on the molecular level is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the early effects of cigarette smoke on carcinogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
methodsHuman oral keratinocytes were exposed for 1 week to standardized cigarette smoke extract, and subsequently RT-quantitative PCR array was performed. Protein expression of dysregulated genes was determined by immunohistochemistry in tissue samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma, oral leukoplakia, and tonsil mucosa.
resultsRT-PCR revealed upregulation of ITGA-2 and MMP-1, whereas TEK receptor tyrosine kinase was downregulated in human oral keratinocytes. ITGA-2 and MMP-1 were significantly overexpressed in tissue samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma in comparison to normal mucosa (P <.01 in all experiments).
conclusionUpregulation of ITGA-2 and MMP-1 induced by cigarette smoke contributes significantly to oral carcinogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.