ArticleBMC public health2020
Association of childhood out-of-home care status with all-cause mortality up to 42-years later: Office of National Statistics Longitudinal Study.
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effectiveness of Mental Health and Wellbeing Interventions for Children and Young People in Foster, Kinship, and Residential Care: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2024Pooled it
- Interventions targeting the mental health and wellbeing of care-experienced children and young people in higher-income countries: Evidence map and systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- State care in childhood and adult mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.The Lancet. Public health · 2022Pooled it
- Early identification of individual, parent and family related factors associated with different levels of youth care services.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Transition experiences of female youth leaving youth shelters: a descriptive phenomenological study.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Suicide risk, protective factors, and interventions for young people in out-of-home care: a scoping review.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Mortality outcomes of children and young people who have spent time in care: evidence from Children's Health in Care in Scotland, a population-wide administrative data cohort study.Archives of disease in childhood · 2025Article
- Mobile App for Improving the Mental Health of Youth in Out-of-Home Care: Development Study Using an Intervention Mapping Approach.JMIR human factors · 2024Article
- Young Adults with a History of Residential Youth Care: A Cohort Profile of a Hard-to-Reach Population.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Care-experienced young people's views and experiences of accessing general practice and dental services and attending health reviews in England: a qualitative study.BMC primary care · 2024Article
- Implications of child poverty reduction targets for public health and health inequalities in England: a modelling study between 2024 and 2033.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular disease in adults with a history of out-of-home care during childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Article
- A Scoping Review of the Oral Health Status, Oral Health Behaviours and Interventions to Improve the Oral Health of Children and Young People in Care and Care Leavers.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular Disease Events in Adults with a History of State Care in Childhood: Pooling of Unpublished Results from 9 Cohort Studies.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Childhood contact with social services and risk of suicide or sudden death in young adulthood: identifying hidden risk in a population-wide cohort study.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2023Article
- Secondary data analysis of social care records to examine the provision of mental health support for young people in care.JCPP advances · 2023Article
- Maternal incarceration increases the risk of self-harm but not suicide: a matched cohort study.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2023Article
- Childhood adversity is associated with hospitalisations and survival following external causes and non-communicable diseases: a 46-year follow-up of a Stockholm birth cohort.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2023Article
- A Balancing Act: How Professionals in the Foster Care System Balance the Harm of Intimate Partner Violence as Compared to the Harm of Child Removal.International journal on child maltreatment : research, policy and practice · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe adverse life-long consequences of being looked-after as a child are well recognised, but follow-up periods for mortality risk have mostly ended in young adulthood and mortality suggested to differ by age of placement, gender and cohort in small samples.
methodsData on 353,601 Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study (LS) members during census years 1971-2001, and Cox proportional hazards regression models with time-varying covariates (age as the timescale), were used to examine whether childhood out-of-home care was associated with all-cause mortality until the end of 2013. After adjusting for baseline age and age
resultsAdults who had been in care at any census (maximum of two) had an adjusted all-cause mortality hazard ratio 1.62 (95% CI 1.43, 1.86) times higher than adults who had never been in care. The excess mortality was mainly attributable to deaths categorised as self-harm, accidents and mental & behavioural causes. Mortality risk was elevated if the LS member was initially assessed in 1981 or 2001, compared to 1971. There was no significant variation in mortality risk for those in care by age or gender. The main findings were consistent irrespective of choice of comparison group (whole population, disadvantaged population), care placement (residential, non-residential) and age at death (all ages, adulthood only).
conclusionsIn this large, nationally representative study of dependent children resident in England and Wales, those who had been in care during childhood had a higher risk of mortality long after they had left care on average, mainly from unnatural causes. No differences by age or gender were found. Children in care have not benefitted from the general decline in mortality risk over time.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.