SynthesisEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2020
Effects of probiotics and paraprobiotics on subjective and objective sleep metrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of probiotic supplementation on subjective and objective sleep outcomes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 39 randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Association between probiotic intervention and sleep quality in the general adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of probiotics and paraprobiotics on patients with sleep disorders and sub-healthy sleep conditions: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Impact of Dietary Factors on the Sleep of Athletically Trained Populations: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety ofNutrients · 2026Trial
- Heat-TreatedNutrients · 2025Trial
- Trial
- A double blinded randomized placebo trial of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLa80 on sleep quality and gut microbiota in healthy adults.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Morinda Officinalis Oligosaccharides Combined with Probiotics as a Therapeutic Strategy for Major Depressive Disorder with Gastrointestinal Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Bifidobacterium longum 1714 improves sleep quality and aspects of well-being in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Probiotic NVP-1704 on Mental Health and Sleep in Healthy Adults: An 8-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2021Trial
- Probiotics, Anticipation Stress, and the Acute Immune Response to Night Shift.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- Review
- The impact of sleep duration, sleep debt and insomnia symptoms on infection risk: a longitudinal cohort study with 1-year follow-up.Family practice · 2026Article
- Insomnia: the gut microbiome connection, prospects for probiotic and postbiotic therapies, and future directions.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Effect of Targeted Probiotics on Anesthesia-Induced Sleep Disturbances via Modulating the Gut Microbiome and Metabolites.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Comparative neuroprotective and exercise capacity effects of prophylactic intermittent fasting and probiotics in sleep-deprived rats: insights into anti-inflammatory marker modulation andFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inadequate sleep (i.e., duration and/or quality) is becoming increasingly recognized as a global public health issue. Interaction via the gut-brain axis suggests that modification of the gut microbial environment via supplementation with live microorganisms (probiotics) or nonviable microorganisms/microbial cell fractions (paraprobiotics) may improve sleep health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the effect of consuming probiotics/paraprobiotics on subjective and objective sleep metrics. Online databases were searched from 1980 to October 2019 for studies involving adults who consumed probiotics or paraprobiotics in controlled trials, during which, changes in subjective and/or objective sleep parameters were examined. A total of 14 studies (20 trials) were included in meta-analysis. Random effects meta-analyses indicated that probiotics/paraprobiotics supplementation significantly reduced Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score (i.e., improved sleep quality) relative to baseline (-0.78-points, 95% confidence interval: 0.395-1.166; p < 0.001). No significant effect was found for changes on other subjective sleep scales, nor objective parameters of sleep (efficiency/latency) measured using polysomnography or actigraphy. Subgroup analysis for PSQI data suggested that the magnitude of the effect was greater (although not statistically) in healthy participants than those with a medical condition, when treatment contained a single (rather than multiple) strain of probiotic bacteria, and when the duration of treatment was ≥8 weeks. Probiotics/paraprobiotics supplementation may have some efficacy in improving perceived sleep health, measured using the PSQI. While current evidence does not support a benefit of consuming probiotics/paraprobiotics when measured by other subjective sleep scales, nor objective measures of sleep; more studies using well-controlled, within-subject experimental designs are needed.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.