ArticleThe Journal of cardiovascular nursing
Prevalence and Correlates of Cost-Related Medication Nonadherence to Immunosuppressive Drugs After Heart Transplantation: The International Multicenter Cross-sectional Bright Study.
Article in The Journal of cardiovascular nursing. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Heartbeat of Global Health.European journal of cardiovascular nursing · 2025Article
- International Variability of Barriers to Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medication in Adult Heart Transplant Recipients. A Secondary Data Analysis of the BRIGHT Study.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Article
- Immunosuppressant nonadherence profile in kidney transplant recipients and the impact of medication adherence on transplant outcomes.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Adherence to Pharmacotherapies After Heart Transplantation in Relation to Multimorbidity and Socioeconomic Position: A Nationwide Register-Based Study.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2023Article
- Prevalence and Patient-Level Correlates of Intentional Non-Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medication After Heart-Transplantation-Findings From the International BRIGHT Study.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2023Article
- After 20 Years of Advocacy, Comprehensive Immunosuppressive Drug Coverage for Kidney Transplant Patients Finally Become Law.Transplantation · 2022Article
- The translation and validation of the Organ Transplant Symptom and Well-Being Instrument in China.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- The Heartbeat of Global Health: Advancing Cardiovascular Care Through International Nursing Research.The Journal of cardiovascular nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCost-related medication nonadherence (CRMNA) refers to not taking medications as prescribed because of difficulties paying for them.
objectivesThe aims of this study were (1) to assess the prevalence of CRMNA to immunosuppressants in heart transplant recipients internationally and (2) to determine multilevel correlates (patient, center, and healthcare system levels) of CRMNA.
methodsUsing data from the cross-sectional international BRIGHT study, applying multistaged sampling, CRMNA was assessed via 3 self-report items in 1365 patients from 36 heart transplant centers in 11 countries. Cost-related medication nonadherence was defined as any positive answer on any of the 3 items. Healthcare system-level (ie, insurance coverage, out-of-pocket expenditures) and patient-level (ie, intention, perceived financial burden, cost as a barrier, a health belief regarding medication benefits, cost-related self-efficacy, and demographic factors) CRMNA correlates were assessed. Correlates were examined using mixed logistic regression analysis.
resultsAcross all study countries, CRMNA had an average prevalence of 2.6% (range, 0% [Switzerland/Brazil] to 9.8% [Australia]) and was positively related to being single (odds ratio, 2.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-4.47), perceived financial burden (odds ratio, 2.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.55-2.99), and cost as a barrier (odds ratio, 2.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.66-4.07). Four protective factors were identified: white ethnicity (odds ratio, 0.37; 95% confidence interval, 0.19-0.74), intention to adhere (odds ratio, 0.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.31-0.63), self-efficacy (odds ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.43-0.67), and belief about medication benefit (odds ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.57-0.87). Regarding variability, 81.3% was explained at the patient level; 13.8%, at the center level; and 4.8%, at the country level.
conclusionIn heart transplant recipients, the CRMNA prevalence varies across countries but is lower than in other chronically ill populations. Identified patient-level correlates are novel (ie, intention to adhere, cost-related barriers, and cost-related self-efficacy) and indicate patient-perceived medication cost burden.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.