ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)2020
Composite cognitive and functional measures for early stage Alzheimer's disease trials.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Assessing clinical progression measures in Alzheimer's disease trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Pooled it
- Clinical Outcome Measure Crosswalks in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Mobile App-Based Metamemory Cognitive Training for Mild Cognitive Impairment: Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Trial
- ABBV-552 in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease: a randomized phase IIb trial.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Trial
- Genetic background and multidomain interventions in mild cognitive impairment.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Trial
- Measuring clinically relevant change in apathy symptoms in ADMET and ADMET 2.International psychogeriatrics · 2024Trial
- Nutrition guidance within a multimodal intervention improves diet quality in prodromal Alzheimer's disease: Multimodal Preventive Trial for Alzheimer's Disease (MIND-ADAlzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Trial
- Effects of Meditation Training and Non-Native Language Training on Cognition in Older Adults: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Effects of a mindfulness-based versus a health self-management intervention on objective cognitive performance in older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD): a secondary analysis of the SCD-Well randomized controlled trial.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Trial
- Data‑driven cognitive composites predict Aβ‑related decline and progression to MCI: the ADOPIC study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Analysis of second-generation epigenetic clocks reveals further associations between disproportionate biological ageing and hippocampal volume.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Testing the Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes as an Outcome for Dementia with Lewy Bodies Clinical Trials.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Equivalence of the FCSRT and RAVLT to detect medial Temporal lobe atrophy and tauopathy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Composite: Lessons Forgotten from Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composites.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Article
- Composite Confirmed Disability Worsening/Progression Is a Useful Clinical Endpoint for Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Trials.Neurology · 2025Article
- Use of Robust Norming to Create a Sensitive Cognitive Summary Score in De Novo Parkinson's Disease: An Illustrative Example.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Article
- Novel measures of cognition and function for the AD spectrum in the Novel Measures for Alzheimer's Disease Prevention Trials (NoMAD) project: Psychometric properties, convergent validation, and contrasts with established measures.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Clinical variables contributing to the identification of biologically defined subgroups within cognitively unimpaired and mild cognitive impairment individuals.European journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Physiological phenotypes have optimal values relevant to healthy aging: sweet spots deduced from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.GeroScience · 2024Article
- The computerized LASSI-BC Test versus the Standard LASSI-L Paper-and-Pencil Version in Community-Based-Samples.Advances in Alzheimer's disease · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionComposite scales have been advanced as primary outcomes in early stage Alzheimer's disease trials, and endorsed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for pivotal trials. They are generally composed of several neurocognitive subscales and may include clinical and functional activity scales.
methodsWe summarized the development of 12 composite scales intended as outcomes for clinical trials and assessed their characteristics.
resultsComposite scales have been constructed from past observational and clinical trial databases by selecting components of individual neuropsychological tests previously used in clinical trials. The atheoretical approaches to combining scales into a composite scale that have often been used risk omitting clinically important measures and so may include redundant, irrelevant, or noncontributory tests. The deliberate combining of neurocognitive scales with functional activity scales provides arbitrary weightings that also may be clinically irrelevant or obscure change in a particular domain. Basic psychometric information is lacking for most of the composites. DISCUSSION: Although composite scales are desirable for pivotal clinical trials because they, in principle, provide for a single, primary outcome combining neurocognitive and/or functional domains, they have substantial limitations, including their common derivations, inattention to basic psychometric principles, redundancy, absence of alternate forms, and, arguably, the inclusion of functional measures in some. In effect, any currently used composite is undergoing validation through its use in a trial. The assumption that a composite, by its construction alone, is more likely than an individual measure to detect an effect from any particular drug and that the effect is more clinically relevant or valid has not been demonstrated.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.