ArticleEuropean heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology2020
Short-term treatments for acute cardiac care: inotropes and inodilators.
Article in European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Levosimendan in Cardiogenic Shock: A Review of Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Therapeutic Use.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Outcomes of Use of Inotropes at Waitlisting Through Heart Transplantation: The UNOS Experience.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Article
- Heart Failure Readmission Prevention Strategies-A Comparative Review of Medications, Devices, and Other Interventions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Dopamine versus norepinephrine as the first-line vasopressor in the treatment of cardiogenic shock.PloS one · 2022Article
- Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibition in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: an expert consensus position paper.Heart failure reviews · 2022Review
- Case report: a patient with thyroid storm, refractory cardiogenic shock, and cardiac arrest treated with Lugol's iodine solution and veno-arterial extra corporal membrane oxygenation support.European heart journal. Case reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acute heart failure (AHF) continues to be a substantial cause of illness and death, with in-hospital and 3-month mortality rates of 5% and 10%, respectively, and 6-month re-admission rates in excess of 50% in a range of clinical trials and registry studies; the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Heart Failure Long-Term Registry recorded a 1-year death or rehospitalization rate of 36%. As regards the short-term treatment of AHF patients, evidence was collected in the ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry that intravenous (i.v.) treatments are administered heterogeneously in the critical phase, with limited reference to guideline recommendations. Moreover, recent decades have been characterized by a prolonged lack of successful innovation in this field, with a plethora of clinical trials generating neutral or inconclusive findings on long-term mortality effects from a multiplicity of short-term interventions in AHF. One of the few exceptions has been the calcium sensitizer and inodilator levosimendan, introduced 20 years ago for the treatment of acutely decompensated chronic heart failure. In the present review, we will focus on the utility of this agent in the wider context of i.v. inotropic and inodilating therapies for AHF and related pathologies.
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Registered trials
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