ArticleScience China. Life sciences2021
HIV-1 viral cores enter the nucleus collectively through the nuclear endocytosis-like pathway.
Article in Science China. Life sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delivery Systems for Therapeutic Genome Editing: Challenges, Innovations, and Future Perspectives.MedComm · 2026Review
- Hitchhiking of Cas9 with nucleus-localized proteins impairs its controllability and leads to efficient genome editing of NLS-free Cas9.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Emerging non-viral vectors for gene delivery.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- HIV-1-induced nuclear invaginations mediated by VAP-A, ORP3, and Rab7 complex explain infection of activated T cells.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Nucleolin: a cell portal for viruses, bacteria, and toxins.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Review
- Tracking the Replication-Competent Zika Virus with Tetracysteine-Tagged Capsid Protein in Living Cells.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Examination of the APOBEC3 Barrier to Cross Species Transmission of Primate Lentiviruses.Viruses · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is recognized that HIV-1 capsid cores are disassembled in the cytoplasm, releasing their genomes into the nucleus through nuclear pores, but there is also evidence showing the capsid (CA) exists in the nucleus. Whether HIV-1 enters the nucleus and how it enters the nucleus through the undersized nuclear pore remains mysterious. Based on multicolor labeling and real-time imaging of the viral and cellular components, our observations via light and electron microscopy suggest that HIV-1 selectively gathered at the microtubule organization center (MTOC), leading the nearby nuclear envelope (NE) to undergo deformation, invagination and restoration to form a nuclear vesicle in which the viral particles were wrapped; then, the inner membrane of the nuclear vesicle ruptured to release HIV-1 into the nucleus. This unexpected discovery expands our understanding of the complexity of HIV-1 nuclear entry, which may provide new insights to HIV-1 virology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.