ArticleBMC cancer2020
Exploratory analysis of immune checkpoint receptor expression by circulating T cells and tumor specimens in patients receiving neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for operable breast cancer.
Article in BMC cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04022616 (Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Function in Breast Cancer Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Function in Breast Cancer Patients
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on tumor immune infiltration in breast cancer patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- An Open-Label Study of Subcutaneous CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide (PF03512676) in Combination with Trastuzumab in Patients with Metastatic HER2+ Breast Cancer.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterTrial
- TIM3-blockade synergizes with IL2 in alleviating intra-tumoral CD8Nature communications · 2025Article
- Dual blockage of both PD-L1 and CD47 enhances the therapeutic effect of oxaliplatin and FOLFOX in CT-26 mice tumor model.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Controversial Role of the Immune Checkpoint OX40L Expression on Platelets in Breast Cancer Progression.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Modulation of Lymphocyte Functions in the Microenvironment by Tumor Oncogenic Pathways.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- PD-L1 Protein Expression Is Associated With Good Clinical Outcomes and Nomogram for Prediction of Disease Free Survival and Overall Survival in Breast Cancer Patients Received Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Correlation Between Immune-Related Genes and Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells With the Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Characterization of inflammatory changes in the breast cancer associated adipose tissue and comparison to the unaffected contralateral breast.Surgical oncology · 2021Article
- The Emerging Role of T-Cell Immunoglobulin Mucin-3 in Breast Cancer: A Promising Target For Immunotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- An immune cell infiltration-based immune score model predicts prognosis and chemotherapy effects in breast cancer.Theranostics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhile combinations of immune checkpoint (ICP) inhibitors and neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have begun testing in patients with breast cancer (BC), the effects of chemotherapy on ICP expression in circulating T cells and within the tumor microenvironment are still unclear. This information could help with the design of future clinical trials by permitting the selection of the most appropriate ICP inhibitors for incorporation into NAC.
methodsPeripheral blood samples and/or tumor specimens before and after NAC were obtained from 24 women with operable BC. The expression of CTLA4, PD-1, Lag3, OX40, and Tim3 on circulating T lymphocytes before and at the end of NAC were measured using flow cytometry. Furthermore, using multi-color immunohistochemistry (IHC), the expression of immune checkpoint molecules by stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), CD8+ T cells, and tumor cells was determined before and after NAC. Differences in the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing various checkpoint receptors were determined by a paired Student's t-test.
resultsThis analysis showed decreased ICP expression by circulating CD4+ T cells after NAC, including significant decreases in CTLA4, Lag3, OX40, and PD-1 (all p values < 0.01). In comparison, circulating CD8+ T cells showed a significant increase in CTLA4, Lag3, and OX40 (all p values < 0.01). Within tumor samples, TILs, CD8+ T cells, and PD-L1/PD-1 expression decreased after NAC. Additionally, fewer tumor specimens were considered to be PD-L1/PD-1 positive post-NAC as compared to pre-NAC biopsy samples using a cutoff of 1% expression.
conclusionsThis work revealed that NAC treatment can substantially downregulate CD4+ and upregulate CD8+ T cell ICP expression as well as deplete the amount of TILs and CD8+ T cells found in breast tumor samples. These findings provide a starting point to study the biological significance of these changes in BC patients.
trial registrationNCT04022616.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.