ArticleAmerican journal of perinatology2020
Exclusion of Pregnant Women from Clinical Trials during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Review of International Registries.
Article in American journal of perinatology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05258760 (Covid Vaccine Acceptance Among Egyptian Pregnant Women), which is not on this map. Cited by 68 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Covid Vaccine Acceptance Among Egyptian Pregnant Women
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Medications Used Among Nonhospitalized Pregnant Women With COVID-19: A Prospective Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis in Europe and North America.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2026Pooled it
- Social Media Misinformation about Pregnancy and COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2024Pooled it
- COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Pooled it
- Recruitment of pregnant women to randomised trials of COVID 19 treatments, and pharmaceutical treatments received outside such trials: A research article.European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology · 2022Pooled it
- Treatment of COVID-19 in pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology · 2021Pooled it
- Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Remdesivir in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women With COVID-19: Results From IMPAACT 2032.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Complement blockade with eculizumab for treatment of severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in pregnancy: A case series.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2022Trial
- A python's embrace? Insurance and the global clinical trial.Health research policy and systems · 2026Article
- Systematic review protocol on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among lactating people.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Article
- Methods to establish a Pregnancy Register in the QResearch Database.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Comparison of Perceived Adverse Events After COVID-19 Vaccination Between Pregnant and NonPregnant Women Using Two Cohort Studies in the Netherlands.Birth defects research · 2025Article
- The inclusion of pregnant women in research during disease outbreaks globally: A scoping review.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2025Article
- Inclusion of people with multiple long-term conditions in pregnancy research: patient, public and stakeholder involvement and engagement in a randomised controlled trial.Research involvement and engagement · 2024Article
- Rational Design of Nanomedicine for Placental Disorders: Birthing a New Era in Women's Reproductive Health.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2024Review
- Pharmacovigilance in Pregnancy Studies, Exposures and Outcomes Ascertainment, and Findings from Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review.Drug safety · 2024Article
- Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination Status Prior to Delivery and Administration Among Hospitalized Obstetric Patients.North Carolina medical journal · 2024Article
- Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Pregnant and Breastfeeding/Puerperium Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.Vaccines · 2024Article
- EGFR-targeted ionizable lipid nanoparticles enhance in vivo mRNA delivery to the placenta.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the Perinatal Period: A Survey Among Residents of Hawaii.AJPM focus · 2024Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivePregnant women have been historically excluded from clinical trials for nonobstetric conditions, even during prior epidemics. The objective of this review is to describe the current state of research for pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. STUDY
designWe conducted a search of international trial registries for trials relating to the novel coronavirus. The eligibility criteria for each trial were reviewed for inclusion/exclusion of pregnant women. Relevant data were extracted and descriptive statistics were calculated for individual and combined data. The total number of trials from each registry were compared, as well as the proportions of pregnancy-related trials within each.
resultsAmong 621,370 trials in the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry, 927 (0.15%) were COVID-19 related. Of those, the majority (52%) explicitly excluded pregnancy or failed to address pregnancy at all (46%) and only 16 (1.7%) were pregnancy specific. When categorized by region, 688 (74.2%) of COVID-19 trials were in Asia, followed by 128 (13.8%) in Europe, and 66 (7.2%) in North America. Of the COVID-19 trials which included pregnant women, only three were randomized-controlled drug trials.
conclusionApproximately 1.7% of current COVID-19 research is pregnancy related and the majority of trials either explicitly exclude or fail to address pregnancy. Only three interventional trials worldwide involved pregnant women. The knowledge gap concerning the safety and efficacy of interventions for COVID-19 created by the exclusion of pregnant women may ultimately harm them. While "ethical" concerns about fetal exposure are often cited, it is in fact unethical to habitually exclude pregnant women from research. KEY POINTS: · Pregnancy was excluded from past pandemic research.. · Pregnancy is being excluded from COVID-19 research.. · Exclusion of pregnant women is potentially harmful..
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.