ArticleScience advances2020
Wireless smart contact lens for diabetic diagnosis and therapy.
Article in Science advances, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 462 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contemporary Research Questions in the Field of Contact Lenses and Where to Next?Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Review
- Wearable bioelectronics enabled by conductive hydrogels: From materials innovation to clinical translation.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Bioelectronic interfaces for restoring vision pathways.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Electronics-Free Visual Monitoring of Dry Eye Disease-Related Tear Biomarkers Using Smart Scleral Lenses.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Nanoparticle-Enabled Biomaterials for Controlled Drug Delivery in Implantable and Wearable Devices.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Advancing Treatment of Degenerative Eye Diseases at the Nanoscale.Smart medicine · 2026Review
- Nocturnal Intraocular Pressure Monitoring With a Soft Contact Lens Sensor for Glaucoma Management.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- A battery-free wireless intelligent aligner for spatially resolved, closed-loop theranostics of chronic oral diseases.Science advances · 2026Article
- Smart contact lenses unlocking non-invasive eye treatment.Fundamental research · 2026Review
- A Fully Self-Powered Digital Wearable System for the Auxiliary Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Microneedle technology in the treatment of ocular diseases: Advances and applications.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- Dry Eye Disease: From Mechanisms to Management and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Challenges of Wearable Biosensors and Ways to Overcome Them.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Review
- Innovations in geriatric care: leveraging technology to meet the needs of an aging world, a narrative review.The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association · 2026Review
- Soft bioelectronics for wireless drug delivery: programmable, minimally invasive and closed-loop therapeutics.npj soft matter · 2026Review
- Smart contact lenses: recent advances and future challenges in eye disease diagnosis and treatment.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Review
- Biocompatible Stimuli-Sensitive Natural Hydrogels: Recent Advances in Biomedical Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- pH calibration allows accurate glucose detection in interstitial fluid via reverse iontophoresis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Artificial Intelligence-Based Wearable Sensing Technologies for the Management of Cancer, Diabetes, and COVID-19.Biosensors · 2025Review
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A smart contact lens can be used as an excellent interface between the human body and an electronic device for wearable healthcare applications. Despite wide investigations of smart contact lenses for diagnostic applications, there has been no report on electrically controlled drug delivery in combination with real-time biometric analysis. Here, we developed smart contact lenses for both continuous glucose monitoring and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. The smart contact lens device, built on a biocompatible polymer, contains ultrathin, flexible electrical circuits and a microcontroller chip for real-time electrochemical biosensing, on-demand controlled drug delivery, wireless power management, and data communication. In diabetic rabbit models, we could measure tear glucose levels to be validated by the conventional invasive blood glucose tests and trigger drugs to be released from reservoirs for treating diabetic retinopathy. Together, we successfully demonstrated the feasibility of smart contact lenses for noninvasive and continuous diabetic diagnosis and diabetic retinopathy therapy.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.