ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2020
Bomb Explosion: Ocular Effects of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Mechanisms.
Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Conflict-related globe rupture requiring eye removal: a six-year experience from Somalia.International ophthalmology · 2026Observational
- Clinical and radiological factors in traumatic open-globe injuries operated via primary enucleation, evisceration versus primary repair in Somalia.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Patterns and Causes of Adult Blindness in a Tertiary Ophthalmic Center in Somalia: The Burden of Trauma-Related Visual Loss.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Ophthalmologic trauma following the pager explosion in Lebanon.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Retinal gliosis and phenotypic diversity of intermediate filament induction and remodeling upon acoustic blast overpressure (ABO) exposure to the rat eye.Experimental eye research · 2023Article
- Explosive eye injuries: characteristics, traumatic mechanisms, and prognostic factors for poor visual outcomes.Military Medical Research · 2023Article
- Case report: Bilateral eye injuries in members of one family due to a cluster munition in Ukraine.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Terror-Related Ocular Trauma in Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Eye Center in the Middle East.Middle East African journal of ophthalmologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo report the type and severity of ocular injuries sustained by the survivors of a bomb-loaded explosion that occurred in Mogadishu, Somalia on December 28, 2019. PATIENTS AND
methodsThe recorded data included age, gender, wounded eye, initial examination of ocular injuries and associated systemic injuries, initial visual acuity, anterior and posterior segment examinations. The type of injury (open vs closed globe), the injured zone of the globe, and the presence of a relative afferent pupil defect were evaluated in all cases where possible.
resultsAfter the explosion, ocular injuries were detected in 28 of 114 patients in our hospital. Thirty-two eyes of 28 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 32.4±6.7 years. The number of open-globe injuries was more than that of closed-globe injuries (26 vs 6; 81.25% vs 18.75%, respectively). Zone 1 was the most affected zone in open-globe injuries (18/26 eyes, 61.6%), followed by Zone 3 in six (23%) patients and Zone 2 in four (15.4%) patients. Sixteen open-globe injuries were laceration type (61.5%) and 10 (38.5%) were rupture type. An intraocular foreign body was detected in eight (30.8%) eyes with open-globe injuries. A total of 28 patients had 11 (39.3%) isolated eye injuries, whereas 17 (60.7%) had concomitant systemic injuries.
conclusionThe frequency of blast-related ocular injuries is increasing. Today, the increase in the use of vehicle-borne improvised explosives in terrorist-related explosions leads to more frequent and serious ocular injuries.
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