ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2020
Galectin-9 expression as a poor prognostic factor in patients with renal cell carcinoma.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- New insights on Galectin-9 expression in cancer prognosis: An updated systemic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Prognostic Value of B7H4 Expression in Patients with Solid Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- CYTH4 Facilitates Renal Cell Carcinoma via Enhancing Proliferation and Likely Immune Evasion.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Integrative multi-omics reveals a regulatory and exhausted T-cell landscape in CLL and identifies galectin-9 as an immunotherapy target.Nature communications · 2025Article
- CXC chemokine ligand 13 and galectin-9 plasma levels collaboratively provide prediction of disease activity and progression-free survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Annals of hematology · 2024Observational
- The role of galectins in mediating the adhesion of circulating cells to vascular endothelium.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Galectin-9 and myeloid-derived suppressor cell as prognostic indicators for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Article
- The Variations' in Genes Encoding TIM-3 and Its Ligand, Galectin-9, Influence on ccRCC Risk and Prognosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Killer instincts: natural killer cells as multifactorial cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Galectins as pivotal components in oncogenesis and immune exclusion in human malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The Features of Immune Checkpoint Gene Regulation by microRNA in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Targets for Renal Carcinoma Growth Control Identified by Screening FOXD1 Cell Proliferation Pathways.Cancers · 2022Article
- Prognostic significance of the expression levels of T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 and its ligand galectin-9 for relapse-free survival in triple-negative breast cancer.Oncology letters · 2022Article
- Integrated pathological analysis to develop a Gal-9 based immune survival stratification to predict the outcome of lung large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and its usefulness in immunotherapy.International journal of biological sciences · 2022Article
- Tumor cell PD-L1 expression is a strong predictor of unfavorable prognosis in immune checkpoint therapy-naive clear cell renal cell cancer.International urology and nephrology · 2021Article
- Coexpression of HHLA2 and PD-L1 on Tumor Cells Independently Predicts the Survival of Spinal Chordoma Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Galectin-9-based immune risk score model helps to predict relapse in stage I-III small cell lung cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2020Article
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15 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recently, the effectiveness of anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) antibody therapy in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been established. Nevertheless, efficacy has been reported to be limited to only 10-30% of patients. To develop more effective immunotherapy for RCC, we analyzed the immunological characteristics in RCC tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC). We prepared a tissue microarray that consisted of tumor tissue sections (1 mm in diameter) from 83 RCC patients in Kanagawa Cancer Center between 2006 and 2015. IHC analysis was performed with antibodies specific to immune-related (CD8 and Foxp3) and immune checkpoint (programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 2 (PD-L2), B7-H4 and galectin-9) molecules. The numbers and proportions of positively stained tumor cells or immune cells were determined in each section. From multivariate analysis of all 83 patients, higher galectin-9 expression was detected as a factor associated with worse overall survival (OS) (P = 0.029) and that higher stage and higher B7-H4 expression were associated with worse progression-free survival (PFS) (P < 0.001 and P = 0.021, respectively). Similarly, in multivariate analysis of 69 patients with clear cell RCC, though not statistically significant, there was a trend for association between higher galectin-9 expression and worse OS (P = 0.067), while higher stage was associated with worse PFS (P < 0.001). This study suggests that higher galectin-9 expression is an independent adverse prognostic factor of OS in RCC patients. Therefore, to develop more effective personalized immunotherapy to treat RCC, it may be important to target not only PD-1/PD-L1, but also other immune checkpoint molecules such as galectin-9.
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