ArticleJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2020
Clonidine versus phenobarbital as adjunctive therapy for neonatal abstinence syndrome.
Article in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Eligible Infants Included in Neonatal Clinical Trials and Reasons for Noninclusion: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- Race and Ethnicity of Infants Enrolled in Neonatal Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Comparison of the effect of phenobarbital & levetiracetam in the treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) as adjuvant treatment in neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit: a randomized clinical trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Trial
- Therapeutic Update in Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome: Comparative Effectiveness of Pharmacological Treatments and the ESC Assessment Model. A Systematic Review.Health science reports · 2026Review
- A Review of Neonatal Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Withdrawal Syndrome.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2025Article
- Advances in the Care of Infants With Prenatal Opioid Exposure and Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.Pediatrics · 2024Review
- A Systematic Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Review of Treatment in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.The Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy · 2023Article
- Phenobarbital and Clonidine as Secondary Medications for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.Pediatrics · 2021Article
- Use of Phenobarbital to Treat Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome From Exposure to Single vs. Multiple Substances.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo compare clonidine versus phenobarbital as adjunctive therapy in infants who failed monotherapy with morphine for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). STUDY
designProspective, randomized, open-label study of infants ≥ 35 weeks' gestation. Infants received clonidine or phenobarbital per protocol. Primary outcome was morphine treatment days. Secondary outcomes were inpatient adjunctive days, length of stay (LOS), triple therapy, safety, and readmission rates.
resultsA total of 25 infants were treated with clonidine (n = 14) or phenobarbital (n = 11). Mean morphine treatment duration was significantly longer with clonidine (34.4 days, SD = 10.6) compared with phenobarbital (25.5 days, SD = 7.3, p = 0.026). The clonidine group also had higher inpatient adjunctive days (mean: 33.8 days [SD = 14.3] vs. 22 days [SD = 12.6], p = 0.042) and LOS (mean: 41.8 days [SD = 10.9] vs. 31 days [SD = 10]; p = 0.018) compared with phenobarbital.
conclusionsPhenobarbital, as adjunctive therapy, led to significantly shorter duration of morphine therapy, inpatient adjunctive days, and length of stay compared with clonidine.
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Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.