ReviewNature reviews. Molecular cell biology2020
Molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of cGAS-STING signalling.
Review in Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1,162 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1,162 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 1,829 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immunity and vaccine development.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Benzothiazole derivatives target oligoadenylate synthetase and enhance RSV vaccine efficacy as adjuvants.Bioactive materials · 2027Article
- PARP7 inhibition and a STING agonist potentiate radiation-induced immunogenicity in glioblastoma.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- DNA-PKcs and PARP1 at the interface between DNA damage responses and cGAS-STING signaling: context-dependent roles and therapeutic implications.Cancer biology & therapy · 2026Review
- Nucleic acid sensing pathways in kidney disease development.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- A naphthyl polymer with STING-activating property for antigen and adjuvant co-delivery to achieve potent cancer immunotherapy.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Understanding protein ISGylation, a multifaceted posttranslational modification.Cell chemical biology · 2026Review
- NAD+ Attenuates Neuroinflammation in Ischemic Stroke by Suppressing the cGAS- STING Pathway via Mitochondrial Homeostasis Restoration.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- A Dual-Functional Nanoplatform Targeting the dsDNA-cGAS Axis to Mitigate Disc Degeneration and Aberrant Innervation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The role of cytosolic mitochondrial DNA as a mitochondrial danger signal for stromal fibroblasts in forming the tumor-promoting microenvironment following radiation exposure.Journal of radiation research · 2026Review
- TFAM loss drives oxaliplatin resistance by linking mtDNA release to STING-TBK1-mediated lysophagy.Oncogene · 2026Article
- The NLRP3 inflammasome at the crossroads of innate immune signaling and cell death.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- Metabolic stress-activated endothelial STING rewires the sinusoidal immune niche to promote MASLD progression.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- The cGAS-STING/MITA pathway in innate antiviral immunity and beyond.Cell insight · 2026Review
- Chlorogenic acid attenuates TBI-induced neuroinflammation by suppressing cGAS-STING signaling.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Exposure to Polystyrene Nanoplastics Induces Ferroptosis-Associated Cardiac Injury: Cell-Based Evidence for Lysosome-Associated NLRX1 Loss and an NLRX1-STING-NCOA4 Response.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Article
- Host Genetic Susceptibility and Antiviral Immunity Shape the Pathogenesis and Outcomes of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis.Biology · 2026Review
- PARP7 inhibitors enhance the immunogenic effects of radiation in pancreatic cancer cells.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- The bidirectional immunoregulatory effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine on the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and their translational prospects.Chinese medicine · 2026Review
1,102 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The cGAS-STING signalling axis, comprising the synthase for the second messenger cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAS) and the cyclic GMP-AMP receptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING), detects pathogenic DNA to trigger an innate immune reaction involving a strong type I interferon response against microbial infections. Notably however, besides sensing microbial DNA, the DNA sensor cGAS can also be activated by endogenous DNA, including extranuclear chromatin resulting from genotoxic stress and DNA released from mitochondria, placing cGAS-STING as an important axis in autoimmunity, sterile inflammatory responses and cellular senescence. Initial models assumed that co-localization of cGAS and DNA in the cytosol defines the specificity of the pathway for non-self, but recent work revealed that cGAS is also present in the nucleus and at the plasma membrane, and such subcellular compartmentalization was linked to signalling specificity of cGAS. Further confounding the simple view of cGAS-STING signalling as a response mechanism to infectious agents, both cGAS and STING were shown to have additional functions, independent of interferon response. These involve non-catalytic roles of cGAS in regulating DNA repair and signalling via STING to NF-κB and MAPK as well as STING-mediated induction of autophagy and lysosome-dependent cell death. We have also learnt that cGAS dimers can multimerize and undergo liquid-liquid phase separation to form biomolecular condensates that could importantly regulate cGAS activation. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms and cellular functions underlying cGAS-STING activation and signalling, particularly highlighting the newly emerging diversity of this signalling pathway and discussing how the specificity towards normal, damage-induced and infection-associated DNA could be achieved.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.