Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32424184›Full record

ArticleNature communications2020

Accurate deep neural network inference using computational phase-change memory.

Vinay Joshi, Manuel Le Gallo, Simon Haefeli, Irem Boybat, S R Nandakumar, Christophe Piveteau, Martino Dazzi, Bipin Rajendran, Abu Sebastian, Evangelos Eleftheriou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

72 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  14. Brain-Inspired In-Memory Data Pruning and Computing with TaOAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025
    Article
  15. Memristive In-Memory Object Detection with 128 Mb C-Doped GeAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Vinay JoshiIBM Research - Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6031-1669
Manuel Le GalloIBM Research - Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland. anu@zurich.ibm.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1600-6151
Simon HaefeliIBM Research - Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland.
Irem BoybatIBM Research - Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4255-8622
S R NandakumarIBM Research - Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7930-508X
Christophe PiveteauIBM Research - Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland.
Martino DazziIBM Research - Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland.
Bipin RajendranKing's College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK.
Abu SebastianIBM Research - Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland. ase@zurich.ibm.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5603-5243
Evangelos EleftheriouIBM Research - Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In-memory computing using resistive memory devices is a promising non-von Neumann approach for making energy-efficient deep learning inference hardware. However, due to device variability and noise, the network needs to be trained in a specific way so that transferring the digitally trained weights to the analog resistive memory devices will not result in significant loss of accuracy. Here, we introduce a methodology to train ResNet-type convolutional neural networks that results in no appreciable accuracy loss when transferring weights to phase-change memory (PCM) devices. We also propose a compensation technique that exploits the batch normalization parameters to improve the accuracy retention over time. We achieve a classification accuracy of 93.7% on CIFAR-10 and a top-1 accuracy of 71.6% on ImageNet benchmarks after mapping the trained weights to PCM. Our hardware results on CIFAR-10 with ResNet-32 demonstrate an accuracy above 93.5% retained over a one-day period, where each of the 361,722 synaptic weights is programmed on just two PCM devices organized in a differential configuration.

Identifiers

PMID32424184
PMCPMC7235046

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.