ArticlePediatrics2020
Intimate Partner Violence, Maternal and Paternal Parenting, and Early Child Development.
Article in Pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Violence Exposure and Cognitive Outcomes Among Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs): A Systematic Review.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2026Pooled it
- Implementation characteristics of father-inclusive interventions in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Association between Household Crowding and Violent Discipline and Neglect of Children: Analysis of Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys in 26 Low- and Middle-Income Countries.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Associations between exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and infant developmental delay: moderating role of women's empowerment at six weeks postpartum.BMC public health · 2026Trial
- Association of Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence With Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Early Childhood Socioemotional Development Among Mothers and Children in Rural Tanzania.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- Intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention using a cross-sectoral couple-based intervention: results from a cluster randomised control trial in Ibadan, Nigeria.BMJ global health · 2022Trial
- The potential pathway from maternal intimate partner violence to early childhood development through height-for-age z-score: evidence from 10 low- and middle-income countries.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Impact of mother's mass media exposure on early childhood development in pakistan: urban vs. rural analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Impact of intimate partner violence during pregnancy on maternal mental health and child development: a birth cohort study in central Vietnam.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2025Article
- Article
- Perinatal and Childhood Risk Factors of Adverse Early Childhood Developmental Outcomes: A Systematic Review Using a Socioecological Model.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Longitudinal pathways between maternal depression, parenting behaviors, and early childhood development: a mediation analysis.International journal of behavioral development · 2025Article
- Coparenting and children's socio-emotional ability: the mediating role of parental stimulation.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Linkages between maternal experience of intimate partner violence and child nutrition outcomes: A rapid evidence assessment.PloS one · 2024Article
- 'When there is love between a father and mother, the child will also be loved': a qualitative exploration of the links between couples' relationships, parenting and early childhood development in Mwanza, Tanzania.BMJ public health · 2023Article
- Intergenerational transmission of intimate partner violence among women: Evidence from the 2017 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- Intimate partner violence victimisation and its association with maternal parenting (the 2015 Pelotas [Brazil] Birth Cohort): a prospective cohort study.The Lancet. Global health · 2023Article
- Formative research to inform the future design of a multicomponent fatherhood intervention to improve early child development in Mwanza, Tanzania.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Article
- Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Iranian Children's Growth and Development: A Descriptive-analytical Study.Oman medical journal · 2023Article
- Addressing early childhood development in healthcare: putting theory into practice.BMJ paediatrics open · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesPrevious research has demonstrated associations between maternal experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) and a range of adverse outcomes among women and their young children. However, few studies have examined the associations between maternal experience of IPV and early child development (ECD) outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Our objectives in this study were to examine the association between IPV victimization and ECD and assess whether the association was mediated by maternal and paternal stimulation.
methodsWe combined cross-sectional data from the Demographic and Health Surveys for 15 202 households representing mothers and fathers of children aged 36 to 59 months in 11 LMIC. We used multivariable linear regression models to estimate the association between IPV victimization in the year preceding the survey and ECD, which we measured using the Early Child Development Index. We used path analysis to determine if the association between IPV victimization and ECD was mediated through maternal and paternal stimulation.
resultsAfter adjusting for sociodemographic variables, IPV victimization was negatively associated with ECD (β = -.11; 95% confidence interval = -.15 to -.07). Path analysis indicated that the direct association between IPV victimization and ECD was partially and independently mediated through maternal and paternal stimulation.
conclusionsInterventions that include components to prevent IPV may be effective for improving ECD in LMIC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.