ArticleTropical medicine and infectious disease2020
The Predictive Factors for Severe Leptospirosis Cases in Kedah.
Article in Tropical medicine and infectious disease, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Characteristics of Patients That Develop Severe Leptospirosis: A Scoping Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Factors associated with the lethality of human leptospirosis in Brazil.Cadernos de saude publica · 2025Article
- An Insight Into Various Manifestations of Leptospirosis: A Unique Case Series From a State in Eastern India.Cureus · 2024Article
- Demographic and clinical risk factors associated with severity of lab-confirmed human leptospirosis in Colombia, 2015-2020.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Prognostic Factors for Leptospirosis Infection Severity.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Predictors of lethality in severe leptospirosis in Transcarpathian region of Ukraine.Le infezioni in medicina · 2022Article
- Risk and Predictive Factors of Leptospirosis in Dogs Diagnosed with Kidney and/or Liver Disease in Selangor, Malaysia.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Predictors of severe leptospirosis: a multicentre observational study from Central Malaysia.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Observational
- Clinical profile, management and outcome of patients with leptospirosis during the times of COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective study from a tertiary care centre in South India.Le infezioni in medicina · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the past decade, increased awareness about leptospirosis disease in developing and industrialized countries has resulted in increased numbers of leptospirosis cases being reported worldwide. About 5% to 15% of leptospirosis patients end up with severe forms of the disease. Complication due to leptospirosis requires monitoring, specific treatments, and intensive care admission, thus increasing the cost of treating severe leptospirosis cases. Currently, we have data on incident and mortality rates, but we do not have data on the number of patients with severe form of leptospirosis or how many patients have complications, and whether or not these complications were resolved. Therefore, we carried out this study to determine the predictive factors for severe leptospirosis cases in Kedah. We conducted a cross-sectional study. The data of patients diagnosed with leptospirosis were obtained from the surveillance unit, Kedah Health Department, through the e-notification system. These data were then sorted according to the hospitals where the patients were admitted. The patients' medical records were collected, and their information was obtained using a checklist. A total of 456 confirmed leptospirosis cases were included in the study, with 199 patients classified as severe cases and 257 patients as mild cases, based on the Malaysian leptospirosis guidelines. Most patients were male (71.5%) with a mean SD age of 36.62 ± 20.75 years. The predictive factors for severe leptospirosis include abnormal lung sounds (OR: 3.07 [CI 1.58-6.00]), hepatomegaly (OR: 7.14 [1.10-45.98]), hypotension (OR: 2.16 [1.08-4.34]), leukocytosis (OR: 2.12 [1.37-3.29]), low hematocrit (OR: 2.33 [1.43-3.81]), and increased alanine aminotransferase (SGPT ALT) (OR: 2.12 [1.36-3.30]). In conclusion, knowing these predictive factors will help clinicians identify severe leptospirosis cases earlier and develop their treatment plans accordingly, to reduce the complications and death from severe leptospirosis.
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