ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2020
Statins Suppress TGF-β2-Mediated MMP-2 and MMP-9 Expression and Activation Through RhoA/ROCK Inhibition in Astrocytes of the Human Optic Nerve Head.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug repurposing of sophoridine for sepsis-induced organ injury: from in-depth analysis of a single agent to a multi-target therapeutic paradigm.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as a Therapeutic Target: Insights into Molecular Pathways and Clinical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Causal relationship between statins and hemorrhagic stroke: A drug-target Mendelian randomization analysis.Medicine · 2025Article
- The protective effect and experimental research progress of pleotropic statins in intervertebral disc degeneration.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Review
- Lifestyle Modify Optic Nerve Injury in Mendelian Randomization.Genetics research · 2025Article
- The pleiotropic effects of statins: a comprehensive exploration of neurovascular unit modulation and blood-brain barrier protection.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Review
- The axis of tumor-associated macrophages, extracellular matrix proteins, and cancer-associated fibroblasts in oncogenesis.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- A Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Strategies Targeting TGF-β in Graves' Ophthalmopathy.Cells · 2024Review
- RhoA/ROCK Pathway Is Upregulated in Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis and Is Inhibited by Simvastatin at the Stage of Myosin Light Chain Phosphorylation.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- The Role of MMP-9 and MMP-9 Inhibition in Different Types of Thyroid Carcinoma.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Astrocyte Immune Functions and Glaucoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Advantages of Rho-associated kinases and their inhibitor fasudil for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.Neural regeneration research · 2022Review
- Article
- Remodeling of the Lamina Cribrosa: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Approaches for Glaucoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Statins Inhibit the Gliosis of MIO-M1, a Müller Glial Cell Line Induced by TRPV4 Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- The Role of Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors on Ocular Diseases: Focusing on Potential Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- RETRACTED: Neuroprotective Effect of Statins in a Rat Model of Chronic Ocular Hypertension.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Pharmacological Strategies to Improve Dendritic Spines in Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) maintenance and remodeling. The present study aimed to determine whether transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2 regulates MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels and activities in astrocytes derived from the optic nerve head (ONH) and the role of statins in such modulation. Methods: Primary astrocytes cultured from the lamina cribrosa of human donor ONHs were incubated with three types of statins (5 µg/mL) for 1 hour followed by recombinant TGF-β2 (5 ng/mL) for various periods to test their effects. Levels and activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in astrocytes in vitro were determined by western blotting and zymography, respectively. Levels of phosphorylated myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1) in astrocyte lysates were determined by western blotting, and those of phosphorylated myosin light chain (MLC) were determined by western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Results: MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels were upregulated by TGF-β2 in human ONH astrocytes. Prior incubation with simvastatin, lovastatin, and atorvastatin inhibited TGF-β2-mediated MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and activities. Prior incubation with statins downregulated the TGF-β2-induced phosphorylation of MYPT1 and MLC, which are downstream substrates of RhoA and ROCKs. Conclusions: Statins inhibited the TGF-β2-mediated regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Considering the role of MMP in ECM remodeling, the present findings support the notion that statins positively impact ECM remodeling within the ONH.
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Registered trials
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