ArticleInternational journal of ophthalmology2020
Prevalence of heterophoria in a population of school children in central China: the Anyang Childhood Eye Study.
Article in International journal of ophthalmology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of heterophoria, tropia, and near point of convergence abnormality in a high school student population in Erbil city center.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Scoping Review of the Role of Accommodation and Binocular Coordination in Myopia Onset and Progression.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Maternal Hypertensive Disorder in Pregnancy and Childhood Strabismus in Offspring.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Design, methodology, and baseline of eastern China student health and wellbeing cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Association of Axial Length and Refraction with Near Horizontal Heterophoria in Chinese Children: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Stereopsis and Response Times between Collegiate Table Tennis Athletes and Non-Athletes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Reduced visual acuity in children from 5 to 6 years old, with LEA chart.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo investigate the prevalence of heterophoria and the relationship between heterophoria and refractive error in a school-based study conducted in central China.
methodsA total of 2363 7
resultsTotally 2260 students in grade 7 were examined. Response rate among eligible children was 95.64%. Totally 486 children, 22.66% of the population, were diagnosed with heterophoria in which 479 were diagnosed with exophoria at near distance, and 6 with esophoria. Totally 89 (4.15%) children were diagnosed with heterophoria in which 82 had exophoria, and 7 had esophoria at far distance. Exophoria was common at near fixation (22.33%). Myopia was examined to be related to exophoria at near distance (OR 3.03, 95%CI 2.33-3.95) and far distance fixation (OR 1.90, 95%CI 1.09-3.32).
conclusionExophoria is a predominant heterophoria for 7
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Registered trials
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