ArticleThe Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association2020
An Innovative Assessment of the Dynamics of Facial Movements in Surgically Managed Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Using 4D Imaging.
Article in The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Automated assessment of 3D facial asymmetry: a systematic review.European journal of orthodontics · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of orthodontic-surgical treatment on facial expressions-a four-dimensional clinical trial.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Trial
- The Correlation Between Static and Dynamic Facial Asymmetry in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Article
- Association of Clinical, Biomechanical, and Psychosocial Factors with Smile Dynamics in Unilateral Cleft Lip: A Multicenter Observational Study.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Observational
- Quantitative Assessment of Facial Paralysis Using Dynamic 3D Photogrammetry and Deep Learning: A Hybrid Approach Integrating Expert Consensus.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Deep Learning-Based Assessment of Lip Symmetry for Patients With Repaired Cleft Lip.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Three-Dimensional Stereophotogrammetric Growth Analysis in Infants with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate from 3 to 12 Months of Age.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- 3D assessment of the nasolabial region in cleft models comparing an intraoral and a facial scanner to a validated baseline.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The Validation of an Innovative Method for 3D Capture and Analysis of the Nasolabial Region in Cleft Cases.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2021Article
- The effect of resting morphological lip shape during lip movement: A three-dimensional motion analysis study.Heliyon · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAssess facial asymmetry during maximum smile in patients with surgically managed unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), using a dynamic 3-dimensional (3D) imaging (4-dimensional) system.
designProspective 2 cohort comparative study.
methodsTwenty-five surgically managed UCLP cases and 75 controls at 8 to 10 years of age were recruited. Facial movements during maximum smile were recorded using video stereophotogrammetry at a rate of 60 3D facial images per second. Maximum smile took approximately 3 seconds and generated 180 3D facial images for the analysis. A generic facial mesh which consists of more than 7000 quasi landmarks was used for the assessment of facial asymmetry at 5 key 3D frames representing the pattern of maximum smile.
resultsStatistically significant differences were seen regarding the magnitude of facial asymmetry between the UCLP group and the noncleft controls. Higher average asymmetry in the UCLP group was seen in the 3D frame midway between maximum smile and rest (frame 4) followed by the frame at peak expression of maximum smile (frame 3). The average magnitude of nasolabial asymmetry of the control group was within 0.5 mm in comparison with the UCLP cases which was about 1.8 mm.
conclusionThis study provided for the first time, an objective tool for analysis of the dynamics of muscle movements which provided an unprecedented insight into the anatomical basis of the residual dysmorphology. The research demonstrates the limitations of the primary lip repair in achieving symmetrical results and underpins the required refinements to improve the quality of surgical repair of cleft lip.
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