ArticleBritish journal of cancer2020
KSHV infection skews macrophage polarisation towards M2-like/TAM and activates Ire1 α-XBP1 axis up-regulating pro-tumorigenic cytokine release and PD-L1 expression.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIGH DOSE GAMMAHERPESVIRUS INFECTION IN MACROPHAGES RESULTS IN INFLAMMATORY MULTIMODAL CELL DEATH.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Enterococcus faecalis and lipoteichoic acid up-regulated PD-L1 of macrophage through TLR and IRE1 α/XBP1 signaling axis.Odontology · 2026Article
- Macrophages in oncoviral infections: from immune regulators to therapeutic targets.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Comparative study of clinical features, pathology, and immunophenotype between HIV-related cutaneous and visceral Kaposi's sarcoma.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Targeting the UPR with Small Molecules: Emerging Strategies for Immune Regulation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Targeting the unfolded protein response for cancer therapy: mitigating tumor adaptation and immune suppression.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: A Novel Target for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension and Its Related Diseases.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Navigating the landscape of protein folding and proteostasis: from molecular chaperones to therapeutic innovations.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Cancer.MedComm · 2025Review
- Viral oncogenesis in cancer: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Synergy between pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophages and self-renewing macrophages: Envisioning a promising avenue for the modelling and cell therapy of infectious diseases.Cell proliferation · 2025Review
- Targeting Microbe-Mediated Macrophage Education: A Novel Paradigm in Cancer Immunotherapy.Biomaterials research · 2025Review
- Single-Cell Sequence and Machine Learning Identify a CD79A+B Cells-Related Transcriptional Signature for Predicting Clinical Outcomes and Immune Microenvironment in Breast Cancer.Cancer informatics · 2025Article
- Targeting of TAMs: can we be more clever than cancer cells?Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
- Periodontitis promotes tumor growth and immune evasion via PD-1/PD-L1.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Analysis of tumor infiltrating immune cells in Kaposi sarcoma lesions discovers shifts in macrophage populations.Global health & medicine · 2024Article
- Prenatal inflammation exposure accelerates lung cancer tumorigenesis in offspring mouse: possible links to IRE1α/XBP1-mediated M2-like polarization of TAMs and PD-L1 up-expression.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Emerging mechanisms of the unfolded protein response in therapeutic resistance: from chemotherapy to Immunotherapy.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Virally encoded interleukin-6 facilitates KSHV replication in monocytes and induction of dysfunctional macrophages.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Control of immune cell function by the unfolded protein response.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundKaposi's Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV) is a gammaherpesvirus strongly linked to human cancer. The virus is also able to induce immune suppression, effect that contributes to onset/progression of the viral-associated malignancies. As KSHV may infect macrophages and these cells abundantly infiltrate Kaposi's sarcoma lesions, in this study we investigated whether KSHV-infection could affect macrophage polarisation to promote tumorigenesis.
methodsFACS analysis was used to detect macrophage markers and PD-L1 expression. KSHV infection and the molecular pathways activated were investigated by western blot analysis and by qRT-PCR while cytokine release was assessed by Multi-analyte Kit.
resultsWe found that KSHV infection reduced macrophage survival and skewed their polarisation towards M2 like/TAM cells, based on the expression of CD163, on the activation of STAT3 and STAT6 pathways and the release of pro-tumorigenic cytokines such as IL-10, VEGF, IL-6 and IL-8. We also found that KSHV triggered Ire1 α-XBP1 axis activation in infected macrophages to increase the release of pro-tumorigenic cytokines and to up-regulate PD-L1 surface expression.
conclusionsThe findings that KSHV infection of macrophages skews their polarisation towards M2/TAM and that activate Ire1 α-XBP1 to increase the release of pro-tumorigenic cytokines and the expression of PD-L1, suggest that manipulation of UPR could be exploited to prevent or improve the treatment of KSHV-associated malignancies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.