ArticleJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2021
Genetic and environmental influences on the developmental trajectory of callous-unemotional traits from childhood to adolescence.
Article in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Role of Callous and Unemotional (CU) Traits on the Development of Youth with Behavioral Disorders: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Long-term follow-up of a randomised controlled trial of a brief home-based parenting intervention to reduce behavioural problems in young children.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Trial
- Validation of the Clinical Assessment of Prosocial Emotions (CAPE) and Subtype Differentiation of Callous-Unemotional Traits in Children and Adolescents: A Study Protocol.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Using machine learning to identify parenting features prospectively related to callous-unemotional traits from infancy to early adolescence.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Brain Age in Conduct Disorder:: A Mega-Analysis of the ENIGMA Antisocial Behavior Working Group.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Genetic and Environmental Influences on the Development of Callous-Unemotional Behaviors in the Preschool Period.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Article
- Using twin-pairs to assess potential bias in polygenic prediction of externalising behaviours across development.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Research Review: A review of the past decade of family and genomic studies on adolescent mental health.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Review
- Predicting the Thrill: How Individual and Environmental Factors Shape Thrilling Perceptions of Violent and Non-violent Crime.Journal of developmental and life-course criminology · 2025Article
- Peer Victimization and Callous-Unemotional Traits: The Impact of Parents and Teachers.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2024Article
- Using twin-pairs to assess potential bias in polygenic prediction of externalising behaviours across development.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Genetic versus environmental influences on callous-unemotional traits in preadolescence: The role of parenting and parental psychopathology.Development and psychopathology · 2022Article
- Parenting moderates the etiology of callous-unemotional traits in middle childhood.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2022Article
- Influence of mangrove forests on subjective and psychological wellbeing of coastal communities: Case studies in Malaysia and Indonesia.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Psychopathy.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2021Review
- Within-Person Bidirectional Associations Over Time Between Parenting and Youths' Callousness.Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study examined the genetic and environmental influences underlying baseline level and developmental course of callous-unemotional (CU) traits across childhood and adolescence.
methodsThe data on 8,958 twin pairs (3,108 MZ twin pairs and 5,850 DZ twin pairs) from the Twins Early Development Study were analysed. CU traits were assessed at ages 7, 9, 12 and 16 by mothers and analysed using a biometric latent growth model.
resultsIndividual differences in the baseline level of CU traits were highly heritable (76.5%), while the heritability of the developmental course of CU traits was moderate (43.6%). The genetic influences on baseline level and developmental course of CU traits were mostly nonoverlapping. Nonshared environment made a modest contribution to the baseline level of CU traits (21.7%). Nonshared environmental influences on the developmental course of CU traits were moderate (43.2%), with nearly half of them being the same as those influencing the baseline level and just over half being specific. Shared environmental effects did not contribute to systematic change across childhood and adolescence but were rather age-specific.
conclusionsOur findings demonstrate that rather than only being conceptualized as factors of stability, genes also play a dynamic role in explaining systematic change in CU traits. Genetic effects for the initial risk and subsequent development of CU traits are not the same. In addition to genetic factors, nonshared environmental influences play an important role in explaining why some children will increase or maintain their CU traits over time, whereas other will desist. New genetic and environmental influences with age suggest that repeated, age-tailored interventions may be required throughout development to make a lasting difference in the presentation of CU traits and associated outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.