ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2020
Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis-Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07522931 (Systematic Anatomical Description of the Female Pelvic Retroperitoneum in Cadavers), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Systematic Anatomical Description of the Female Pelvic Retroperitoneum in Cadavers: A Descriptive Study for Gynecologic Surgery
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retropubic hemorrhage following Midurethral sling surgery: Diagnosis, clinical challenges, and management.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Review
- Understanding the anatomical basis of anorectal fistulas and their surgical management: exploring different types for enhanced precision and safety.Surgery today · 2025Review
- Bladder Endometriosis: Diagnostic, Therapy, and Outcome of a Single-Center Experience.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Feasibility and early oncologic outcomes of Total Intracorporeal Robotic Radical Hysterectomy with Vaginal Cerclage (TIRRHVC) for the treatment of clinical stage IB cervical cancer: A tumor containment technique.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2024Article
- Robotic Vaginal Hernia Repair for Recurrent Vaginal Prolapse Status Post-Radical Cystectomy with an Indiana Pouch.International urogynecology journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Transvaginally Adjustable Apical Suspension and Compartment-Specific Tensioning in Vaginal Natural-Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery Sacrocolpopexy: Cadaveric and Live Patient Experience.Journal of gynecologic surgery · 2024Article
- Surgical Anatomy and Dissection of the Hypogastric Plexus in Nerve-Sparing Radical Hysterectomy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Internal Iliac Artery Ligation in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Surgical Anatomy and Surgical Considerations.Clinics and practice · 2023Review
- Review
- Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery for deep infiltrating endometriosis based on retroperitoneal pelvic spaces anatomy: a retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Urologic Complication after Laparoscopic Hysterectomy in Gynecology Oncology: A Single-Center Analysis and Narrative Review of the Literature.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- Approach to Radical Hysterectomy for Cervical Cancer in Pregnancy: Surgical Pathway and Ethical Considerations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- A Bipartite Obturator Artery with Multiple Pelvic Branching-A Gynecologic Approach.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Anatomy of the vesicovaginal fascia and its relation to branches of the inferior hypogastric plexus.Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- The Anatomical Relationships in the Space of Retzius for Penile Implants: An MRI Analysis.The journal of sexual medicine · 2021Article
- Review: Pelvic nerves - from anatomy and physiology to clinical applications.Translational neuroscience · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The term "spaces" refers to the areas delimited by at least two independent fasciae and filled with areolar connective tissue. However, there is discrepancy regarding the spaces and their limits between clinical anatomy and gynecologic surgery, as not every avascular space described in literature is delimited by at least two fasciae. Moreover, new spaces and surgical planes have been developed after the adoption of laparoscopy and nerve-sparing gynecological procedures. Avascular spaces are useful anatomical landmarks in retroperitoneal anatomic and pelvic surgery for both malignant and benign conditions. A noteworthy fact is that for various gynecological diseases, there are different approaches to the avascular spaces of the female pelvis. This is a significant difference, which is best demonstrated by dissection of these spaces for gynecological, urogynecological, and oncogynecological operations. Thorough knowledge regarding pelvic anatomy of these spaces is vital to minimize morbidity and mortality. In this article, we defined nine avascular female pelvic spaces-their boundaries, different approaches, attention during dissection, and applications in obstetrics and gynecology. We described the fourth space and separate the paravesical and pararectal space, as nerve-sparing gynecological procedures request a precise understanding of retroperitoneal spaces.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.