ArticleTobacco prevention & cessation2019
Exposure to secondhand smoke in Iranian pregnant women at home and the related factors.
Article in Tobacco prevention & cessation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatiotemporal variability of exposure to secondhand smoke in Iran during 2009-2020: a systematic review.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Pooled it
- The Effectiveness of a Structured Educational Intervention on Knowledge, Beliefs, and Self-Reported Practices of Pregnant Women Exposed to Thirdhand Smoke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Brain and behavior · 2026Trial
- Designing, implementing and evaluating an educational program regarding the effects of second-hand smoke in pregnancy on the knowledge, attitude and performance of male smokers.Reproductive health · 2023Trial
- Prenatal Exposure to Tobacco Smoke and Vaping Aerosols: Mechanisms Disrupting White-Matter Formation.Toxics · 2025Review
- Invisible smoke, real threat: can education protect pregnant women from thirdhand smoke exposure? (a protocol study).BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Psychometric Evaluation of Iranian Version of Beliefs about Third-Hand Smoke Scale (BATHS-T) in Pregnant Women.Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Prevalence, Sources, and Correlates of Second-hand Smoke Exposure Among Non-smoking Pregnant Women in India.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2025Article
- Secondhand smoke prevention through the perceptions of pregnant women with smoking family members: a Thailand study.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2024Article
- Predictors of tobacco use among pregnant women: a large-scale, retrospective study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Predictive factors and adverse perinatal outcomes associated with maternal smoking status.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The levels and trends of cancer incidence in the elderly population at national and sub-national scales in Iran from 1990 to 2016.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Article
- National and regional economic inequalities in first- and second-hand tobacco consumption among women of reproductive ages in Iran.BMC public health · 2023Article
- The Effect of Training Male Smokers About the Effects of Secondhand Smoke in Pregnant Wives on Their Self-Efficacy.Journal of family & reproductive health · 2023Article
- Passive smoking as a risk factor among older adults: an ordered probability approach for Türkiye.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Estimates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years of lung cancer in Iran, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019.Cancer medicine · 2022Article
- Association between secondhand smoke exposure in pregnant women and their socioeconomic status and its interaction with age: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Pregnant women's beliefs about third-hand smoke and exposure to tobacco smoke.Central European journal of public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Exposure of second hand smoke in women and children: A narrative review.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2021Review
- Active and Passive Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: A Study From a Developing Country.Annals of global health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionFetus health is of high importance in pregnant women and exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) endangers maternal and fetal health. Therefore, in this study we examined the prevalence of exposure to SHS in pregnant women at home and the related factors.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted with 255 pregnant women who were referred to the Isfahan health care center from July to September 2018. A questionnaire that was designed by the research team was applied to collect data about the participants' prevalence of exposure, attitude-emotional dimension, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and perceived barriers. The questionnaire used was self-administered. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed by a panel of experts. Cronbach's alpha of attitude-emotional dimension, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and perceived barriers were also calculated as 0.81, 0.91, 0.92, and 0.89, respectively. Statistically significant differences were examined using chi-squared test and Mann-Whitney test.
resultsWe found that the prevalence of exposure to SHS in pregnant women was 23.1%. The age of the husband (p=0.041), education level of the smoking husband (p=0.005), the education level of the pregnant woman (p=0.002), employment status of husband (p=0.010), and whether the pregnancy was planned (p=0.010) had significant association with the participant prevalence of exposure to SHS. Thus, older age of husbands, lower education levels of husbands and wives, unwanted pregnancies, and unemployment of husbands resulted in higher exposure to SHS. The mean scores of knowledge and perceptions were lower in women exposed to smoke than in non-exposed women (p<0.05).
conclusionsThe rate of SHS exposure was high in pregnant women. The knowledge and perception scores of exposed women to SHS were lower than those of non-exposed women. Low levels of education of husbands and women, unemployment and higher age of husbands, and unwanted pregnancies were considered as health risk factors. Therefore, effective training programs should be designed to educate pregnant women and their husbands.
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