ReviewNPJ microgravity2020
How does spaceflight affect the acquired immune system?
Review in NPJ microgravity, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- A novel mineral-organic bone adhesive promotes calvarial bone regeneration in microgravity conditions.NPJ microgravity · 2026Article
- Reactivation and Management of Endogenous Latent Herpesviruses in the Spaceflight Environment.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Modeling the risk of airborne transmission of respiratory viruses in microgravity.NPJ microgravity · 2026Article
- Astroimmunology: the effects of spaceflight and its associated stressors on the immune system.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Spaceflight stressors impact on mitochondrial function and the risk for development of ocular pathology.NPJ microgravity · 2026Review
- Fluid shifts are main drivers for microgravity simulation-induced immune-physiological changes: findings from the VIVALDI studies.NPJ microgravity · 2026Article
- Spaceflight alters the immune regulatory functions of neutrophil granulocytes on T lymphocytes.iScience · 2026Article
- Microgravity and cancer cells: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Simulated Microgravity-Induced Changes in SUMOylation and Protein Expression inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Effects of simulated microgravity on biological features and virulence of the fungal pathogenApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Spaceflight exposome/microgravity effects on the psychoimmunoneuroendocrine system.NPJ microgravity · 2025Review
- Epigenomic profiling of immune cell subtypes reveals H3K27ac-marked stress signatures after long-duration spaceflight.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Immune System-Tumor Crosstalk Under Microgravity: Mechanistic Insights, Challenges, and Translational Perspectives.Cancers · 2025Review
- Tear Film and Keratitis in Space: Fluid Dynamics and Nanomedicine Strategies for Ocular Protection in Microgravity.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Neuroinflammatory Signaling and Immune Cell Infiltration Differ in Brains of Rats Exposed to Space Radiation and Social Isolation.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Microgravity and Cellular Biology: Insights into Cellular Responses and Implications for Human Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Immunization induces inflammation in the mouse heart during spaceflight.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Potential Health Impacts, Treatments, and Countermeasures of Martian Dust on Future Human Space Exploration.GeoHealth · 2025Review
- Facing stress and inflammation: From the cell to the planet.World journal of experimental medicine · 2024Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The impact of spaceflight on the immune system has been investigated extensively during spaceflight missions and in model experiments conducted on Earth. Data suggest that the spaceflight environment may affect the development of acquired immunity, and immune responses. Herein we summarize and discuss the influence of the spaceflight environment on acquired immunity. Bone marrow and the thymus, two major primary lymphoid organs, are evidently affected by gravitational change during spaceflight. Changes in the microenvironments of these organs impair lymphopoiesis, and thereby may indirectly impinge on acquired immunity. Acquired immune responses may also be disturbed by gravitational fluctuation, stressors, and space radiation both directly and in a stress hormone-dependent manner. These changes may affect acquired immune responses to pathogens, allergens, and tumors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.