ArticleFrontiers in psychology2020
Validation of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) Among Medical Students in China: Analyses Using Three Psychometric Methods.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Psychometric validation and cultural adaptation of the Chinese version of the CarerQol-7D instrument.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2025Article
- Validation of the Thai World Health Organization Quality of Life-OLD (WHOQOL-OLD) among Thai older adults: Rasch analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dental anxiety and empathy among undergraduate oral health students in Norway, South Africa and Namibia.Acta odontologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Understanding empathy and theory of mind in Romanian dental students for improved educational strategies.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Psychometric properties of the short mood and feelings scale among Chinese adolescents using item response theory.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Validation of the Arabic eHealth literacy questionnaire: a factor and Rasch analysis study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Development and validation of the Chinese mental health value scale: a tool for culturally-informed psychological assessment.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- The influence of sexual prejudice and gender on trait and state-level empathy.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Development of a Self-Care Scale for Compound Caregivers.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The role of Empathy in the relationship between emotional support and caring behavior towards patients among intern nursing students.BMC nursing · 2024Article
- The development and evaluation of the worker-occupation fit inventory.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Empathy levels in Australian chiropractic students.The Journal of chiropractic education · 2022Article
- Validation of the Romanian Version of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) among Undergraduate Medical Students.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Psychometric Analysis of the Czech Version of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- A validation study of the Korean version of the Toronto empathy questionnaire for the measurement of medical students' empathy.BMC medical education · 2021Article
- Cross-Cultural Validation of a New Version in Spanish of Four Items of theFrontiers in psychology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to validate the simplified Chinese version of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (cTEQ) for use with the Chinese population. The original English version of the TEQ was translated into simplified Chinese based on international criteria. Psychometric analyses were performed based on three psychometric methods: classical test theory (CTT), item response theory (IRT), and Rasch model theory (RMT). Differential item functioning analysis was adopted to check possible item bias caused by responses from different subgroups based on sex and ethnicity. A total of 1296 medical students successfully completed the TEQ through an online survey; 75.2% of respondents were female and the average age was 19 years old. Forty students completed the questionnaire 2 weeks later to assess the test-retest reliability of the questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a 3-factor structure of the cTEQ. The CTT analyses confirmed that the cTEQ has sound psychometric properties. However, IRT and RMT analyses suggested some items might need further modifications and revisions.
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