Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32410715›Full record

ArticleTrials2020

Effects of multidomain versus single-domain training on executive control and memory in older adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Soledad Ballesteros, Jennifer A Rieker, Julia Mayas, Antonio Prieto, Pilar Toril, María Pilar Jiménez, José Manuel Reales

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03823183 (Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial With Active Control on the Effects of Combined Physical and Cognitive Training Versus Cognitive and Physical Training Separately on Executive Control and Memory Functions of Older Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03823183 naunknown statusnot on this map

Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial With Active Control on the Effects of Combined Physical and Cognitive Training Versus Cognitive and Physical Training Separately on Executive Control and Memory Functions of Older Adults

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversidad Nacional de Educación a DistanciaRan2018 to 2020Enrolled120ConditionsExecutive Functions, Memory FunctionsArmsCognitive training, Physical training, Cognitive control, Physical control
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Cognitive impairment in kidney transplanted patients.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Soledad BallesterosStudies on Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain. mballesteros@psi.uned.es.
Jennifer A RiekerStudies on Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain.
Julia MayasStudies on Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain.
Antonio PrietoStudies on Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain.
Pilar TorilStudies on Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain.
María Pilar JiménezStudies on Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain.
José Manuel RealesStudies on Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain.

Funding

European Union H2020 Nº 826506MINECO PSI2016-80377-R
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious research suggests that both cognitive training and physical exercise help to maintain brain health and cognitive functions that decline with age. Some studies indicate that combined interventions may produce larger effects than each intervention alone. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of combined cognitive and physical training compared to cognitive training and physical training alone on executive control and memory functions in healthy older adults.

objectivesThe main objectives of this four-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) are: to investigate the synergetic effects of a simultaneous, group-based multidomain training program that combines cognitive video-game training with physical exercise, in comparison to those produced by cognitive training combined with physical control activity, physical training combined with cognitive control activity, or a combination of both control activities; to investigate whether event-related potential latencies of the P2 component are shorter and N2 and P3b components assessed in a memory-based task switching task are enhanced after training; and to find out whether possible enhancements persist after a 3-month period without training.

methodsIn this randomized, single-blind, controlled trial, 144 participants will be randomly assigned to one of the four combinations of cognitive training and physical exercise. The cognitive component will be either video-game training (cognitive intervention, CI) or video games not specifically designed to train cognition (cognitive control, CC). The physical exercise component will either emphasize endurance, strength, and music-movement coordination (exercise intervention, EI) or stretching, toning, and relaxation (exercise control, EC). DISCUSSION: This RCT will investigate the short and long-term effects of multidomain training, compared to cognitive training and physical training alone, on executive control and memory functions in healthy older adults, in comparison with the performance of an active control group.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03823183. Registered on 21 January 2019.

Indexed as

AgingExecutive FunctionMemoryAgedAttentionCognitionCognitive Behavioral TherapyCognitive DysfunctionCombined Modality TherapyExerciseExercise TherapyFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedAgingCognitive trainingExecutive functionsMemory functionsMultidomain trainingPhysical exerciseRandomized controlled trial

Identifiers

PMID32410715
PMCPMC7222523

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.